History of the U.S.S. Leviathan, cruiser and transport forces, United States Atlantic fleet: Compiled from the ship's log and data gathered by the history committee on board the shipU.S.S. Leviathan History Committee
History
History of the U.S.S. Leviathan, cruiser and transport forces, United States Atlantic fleet: Compiled from the ship's log and data gathered by the history committee on board the ship
U.S.S. Leviathan History Committee
Leviathan (Steamship); Vaterland (Steamship); World War, 1914-1918 -- Naval operations, American
Liverpool had the honor of receiving us on our first and second voyages.
Here we went into dry dock for final repairs, and here we had our first
experience coaling ship in drydock. Coaling was carried on from cars
running along the dock and also from small lighters or flats in the dock
itself. The lighters were emptied and taken away only at certain stages
of the tide. There was always a chance of the ship floating during one of
these manœuvers, and the work of bringing loaded lighters into the dock
and sending the emptied ones out required quick action and plenty of it.
The notorious punctuality of time and tide is especially noticeable in
the Liverpool drydock, and we worked at all hours of the day and night to
keep in step.
The bottom of the ship was given a new coat of paint, and we left for
Hoboken and more troops. On our second voyage to Liverpool our paravanes
were installed, adding a little to the work, but contributing a good deal
to our sense of security. Once more, for the benefit of the landsman: The
paravanes, or PVs, are contrivances fitted to the bow of the ship, as a
protection against mines, so constructed that they will automatically
pick up the moorings of a mine and cut it adrift.
Beginning with our third trip, we worked on an express train schedule.
Everything depended upon speed. Our cargoes increased at the same time.
In addition to all kinds of army equipment, we frequently carried
aeroplanes, boats for overseas duty, and on one trip a large mooring
buoy. In order to load them on board, additional changes had to be made
in the rigging, purchases and guys of the booms. Even the weather decks
were utilized for the transportation of cargo for the naval forces
overseas.
At the present writing the good old ship is still on the job—bringing
them back. The machine is running as smoothly as the ship’s engines, and
instead of having a few inexperienced men in the deck force, we have an
organization, built from almost nothing, that can compete with anything
in the navy.
_Embarkation and Debarkation of Troops_
W. S. A.
This is a brief description of how the _Leviathan’s_ human cargo was
loaded and unloaded. The plan had been followed from the beginning with
slight changes made by experience in carrying troops over before the
armistice and carrying them back afterwards.
The ship’s troop capacity began at 6,800 and on the 13th voyage it was
approximately 12,000. Throughout the war it averaged about 10,000. In
addition, officers’ space has varied between 400 and 600.
Throughout the war, carrying troops east, five gangways were employed
on G-deck forward, to fill forward compartments; C-deck and F-decks
amidships, to fill amidship compartments; E-deck and G-deck gangways aft
to fill after compartments.
On each gangway, the compartment farthest away and lowest was filled and
so on to the gangway compartment. In no case did troops crowd through a
filled compartment.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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