History of the Union Jack and Flags of the EmpireCumberland, Barlow
History
History of the Union Jack and Flags of the Empire
Cumberland, Barlow
Emblems -- Great Britain; Flags -- Great Britain
"In the evening seriously discoursed with Captain Eliot and Frary
signifying my inability to hold, and reading Mr. Cotton Mather's
arguments to them about the cross, and say'd that to introduce it into
Boston at this time was much, seeing that it had been kept out more
than my lifetime, and now the cross much set by in England and here;
and it scarce could be put in, but I must have a hand in it. I fetch
home the silk Elizur Holyoke had of me to make the cross, last Friday
morn, and went and discourse Mr. Mather. He judged it sin to have it
put in, but the captain not in fault, but I could hardly understand
how the command of others could wholly excuse them, at least me who
had spoken so much against it in April, 1681, and that summer and
forward, upon occasion of Captain Walley's putting the cross in his
colours."[91]
[91] Sewall Papers, Massachusetts Historical Collections, Fifth Series,
Vol. V.
[Illustration: 36. MEDAL OF LOUIS XIV., "_Kebeca Liberata_,"
1690.]
But the crosses were restored, and it was under this single cross
Ensign Red that, during the war between William III. and Mary and Louis
XIV., the nine colonies[92] united together, and, in 1690, of their own
motion and at their own expense,[93] sent out a naval expedition from
Boston, under Admiral William Phips, against the French in Canada.
The fleet successfully attacked and again captured Port Royal,[94] but
arriving before Quebec, above whose ramparts was flying the white
flag and _fleur-de-lis_ of France, was repulsed by the redoubtable
Count Frontenac. The records of the expedition, and of the episode of
the capture of the flag of the Admiral, which, being shot away from
its halliards and falling into the water, was swum after and brought
to shore by the venturesome French,[95] attest that this fleet of the
United Colonies was sailing under the cross of St. George. A copy of
the medal (36), issued by Louis XIV. of France in commemoration of the
event, is given in the narrative,[96] showing three _fleur-de-lis_ of
France, and the cross of St. George on a flag reversed.
[92] Massachusetts, Virginia, Maryland, the two Jerseys, New York,
Connecticut, and Plymouth and Rhode Island.
[93] Sir Wm. Phips: "Account of Expedition against Quebec." Colonial
Entry Books. London.
[94] Acadie was restored to the French by the Treaty of Ryswick, 25th
September, 1697.
[95] It was afterwards placed, with much ceremony, in the Cathedral.
[96] Ernest Myrand: "Phips devant Quebec," p. 341.
[Illustration: 37. NEW ENGLAND ENSIGN.
(From a Dutch publication of 1711.)]
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