=The Louisiana Purchase.=--Text of Treaty in Macdonald, _Documentary Source Book_, pp. 279-282. Source materials in Hart, _American History Told by Contemporaries_, Vol. III, pp. 363-384. Narrative, Henry Adams, _History of the United States_, Vol. II, pp. 25-115; Elson, _History of the United States_, pp. 383-388. =The Embargo and Non-Intercourse Acts.=--Macdonald, pp. 282-288; Adams, Vol. IV, pp. 152-177; Elson, pp. 394-405. =Congress and the War of 1812.=--Adams, Vol. VI, pp. 113-198; Elson, pp. 408-450. =Proposals of the Hartford Convention.=--Macdonald, pp. 293-302. =Manufactures and the Tariff of 1816.=--Coman, _Industrial History of the United States_, pp. 184-194. =The Second United States Bank.=--Macdonald, pp. 302-306. =Effect of European War on American Trade.=--Callender, _Economic History of the United States_, pp. 240-250. =The Monroe Message.=--Macdonald, pp. 318-320. =Lewis and Clark Expedition.=--R.G. Thwaites, _Rocky Mountain Explorations_, pp. 92-187. Schafer, _A History of the Pacific Northwest_ (rev. ed.), pp. 29-61. PART IV. THE WEST AND JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY CHAPTER X THE FARMERS BEYOND THE APPALACHIANS The nationalism of Hamilton was undemocratic. The democracy of Jefferson was, in the beginning, provincial. The historic mission of uniting nationalism and democracy was in the course of time given to new leaders from a region beyond the mountains, peopled by men and women from all sections and free from those state traditions which ran back to the early days of colonization. The voice of the democratic nationalism nourished in the West was heard when Clay of Kentucky advocated his American system of protection for industries; when Jackson of Tennessee condemned nullification in a ringing proclamation that has taken its place among the great American state papers; and when Lincoln of Illinois, in a fateful hour, called upon a bewildered people to meet the supreme test whether this was a nation destined to survive or to perish. And it will be remembered that Lincoln's party chose for its banner that earlier device--Republican--which Jefferson had made a sign of power. The "rail splitter" from Illinois united the nationalism of Hamilton with the democracy of Jefferson, and his appeal was clothed in the simple language of the people, not in the sonorous rhetoric which Webster learned in the schools. PREPARATION FOR WESTERN SETTLEMENT