11. The judicial power of the United States is vested in a Supreme Court and in inferior courts established by Congress. The highest judicial officer is the Chief-justice. The judges hold their offices during life or good behavior. The right of trial by jury is granted in all cases except the impeachment of public officers. Treason against the United States consists in levying war against them, or in giving aid to their enemies. 12. The Constitution provides that new territories maybe organized and new States admitted into the Union; that to every State shall be guaranteed a republican form of government; and that the Constitution may be altered or amended by the consent of two thirds of both houses of Congress and three fourths of the legislatures of the States. In accordance with this provision, fifteen amendments have since been made to the Constitution. [Sidenote: =Constitution Adopted.=] 13. Before the end of 1788 eleven States had adopted the Constitution. The new government was to go into operation when nine States should ratify. For a while, North Carolina and Rhode Island hesitated. In accordance with an act of Congress, the first Wednesday of January, 1789, was named as the time for the election of a chief-magistrate. The people had but one voice as to the man who should be honored with that high trust. Early in April, the ballots of the electors were counted, and George Washington was unanimously chosen President and John Adams Vice-president of the United States. On the 14th of the month, Washington received notification of his election, and departed for New York. His route was a constant triumph. With this event the era of nationality in the New Republic is ushered in. REVIEW QUESTIONS.--PART IV. CHAPTER XXI. 1. Trace the causes, general and special, of the Revolutionary War. 2. Give an account of the Stamp Act Congress, and of the important measure adopted by it. 3. How did the movements in America affect the British king and parliament? CHAPTER XXII. 4. Give an account of the beginnings of war, and of the engagements at that time about Boston. 5. Tell of the condition of the American forces, and of the appointment of a commander-in-chief. 6. What were the relations between the American colonies and Canada? CHAPTER XXIII. 7. Describe the military movements of the first half of the year 1776. 8. Who were the Hessians, and how were they brought into this war? 9. Give an account of the preparation and adoption of the _Declaration of Independence_. 10. Follow the military movements of the latter half of the year 1776. CHAPTER XXIV. 11. What were the military movements of the early part of the year 1777? 12. Tell of the attitude of France toward the war, and of the coming over of La Fayette and his followers. 13. Give an account of the campaigns under Burgoyne. 14. Trace the movements in the south and along the Delaware. CHAPTER XXV.