“It is scarcely conceivable,” wrote Pickering[313] to Christopher Gore Jan. 8, 1809, “that Mr. Jefferson should so obstinately persevere in the odious measure of the embargo, which he cannot but see has impaired his popularity and hazards its destruction, if he were not under secret engagements to the French Emperor,--unless you can suppose that he would run that hazard and the ruin of his country, rather than that a measure which he explicitly recommended should be pronounced unwise.... When we advert to the real character of Mr. Jefferson, there is no nefarious act of which we may not suppose him capable. _He would rather the United States should sink, than change the present system of measures._ This is not opinion, but history. I repeat it confidentially to you until I obtain permission to vouch it on evidence which I trust I can obtain.”[314] Pickering’s hatred of Jefferson amounted to mania; but his language showed the influence which, whether intentionally or not, the President still exerted on the decisions of Congress. All accounts agreed that while refusing to act officially, the President resisted every attempt to change, during his time, the policy he had established. Canning’s defiance and Napoleon’s discipline reduced him to silence and helplessness; but even when prostrate and alone, he clung to the remnant of his system. Disaster upon disaster, mortification upon mortification, crowded fast upon the man whose triumphs had been so brilliant, but whose last hope was to escape a public censure more humiliating than any yet inflicted on a President of the United States. The interest attached to the history of his administration--an interest at all times singularly personal--centred at last upon the single point of his personality, all eyes fixing themselves upon the desperate malice with which his ancient enemies strove to drive him from his cover, and the painful efforts with which he still sought to escape their fangs. FOOTNOTES: [293] Jefferson to Robert Smith, Aug. 9, 1808; Writings, v. 335. [294] Jefferson to Dearborn, Aug. 12, 1808; Writings, v. 338. Jefferson to Gallatin, v. 338. Jefferson to R. Smith, v. 337. Jefferson to Madison, v. 339. [295] Cabinet Memoranda; Jefferson MSS. [296] Jefferson to Claiborne, Oct. 29, 1808; Writings, v. 381. [297] Jefferson to Monroe, Jan. 28, 1809; Writings, v. 419. [298] Jefferson to Madison, Sept. 6, 1808; Writings, v. 361. [299] Madison to Jefferson, Sept. 14, 1808; Jefferson MSS. [300] W. C. Nicholas to Jefferson, Oct. 20, 1808; Jefferson MSS. [301] Monroe to Joseph H. Nicholson, Sept. 24, 1808; Nicholson MSS. [302] George Cabot to Pickering, Oct. 5, 1808; Lodge’s Cabot, p. 308. [303] Marshall to Pickering, Dec. 19, 1808; Lodge’s Cabot, p. 489. [304] Rufus King to Pickering, Dec. 1, 1808; Pickering MSS. [305] Cabinet Memoranda; Jefferson MSS. [306] Erskine to Canning, Nov. 10, 1808; MSS. British Archives.