England, cordial friendship with, i. 8; change of policy by Pitt in 1804-1805, 43-53 (see Pitt, Perceval, Canning); alliance with, urged by Jefferson, 62-65, 70; Pitt’s policy reversed by Fox, 393, 397; unfriendly policy carried to an extreme by Perceval and Canning, ii. 55 _et seq._; unfriendly feeling in 1808, 331. Eppes, John W., member of Congress from Virginia, i. 339, 351. Erskine, Lord Chancellor, i. 393; his speech against the Orders in Council, ii. 320. Erskine, David Montague, succeeds Merry as British minister at Washington, i. 250, 423; takes Monroe’s treaty to Madison, 429; at the White House, ii. 35, 36; his reports on the “Chesapeake” excitement, 37, 78, 142, 143; reports intended commercial restrictions, 144; reports Jefferson’s conversation on the “Chesapeake” negotiation, December, 1807, 162; reports an embargo to be imposed in expectation of a retaliatory Order in Council declaring a blockade of France, 175, 176, 332; accompanies Rose, 193; reported by Rose, 199; interview with Jefferson, Nov. 9, 1808, 351-353; reports the opinion of members of Jefferson’s cabinet on the situation in November, 1808, 384; informs Canning of the warlike attitude of the government, 386; reports Gallatin’s remarks as to foreign relations, 389; advises Canning that war is imminent, 392, 393; reports Madison for war, 394; his account of the struggle for the repeal of the embargo, 443 _et seq._ Erving, George W., as _chargé d’affaires_ replaces Pinckney at Madrid, i. 37, 377, 388. Erwin, Dr., i. 263, 265. “Essex,” Sir William Scott’s judgment in the case of, i. 44, 45; received in the United States, 96, 97; Madison’s remarks on, reported by Merry, 98; remarks of “a confidential person,” 99; result of, in America, 143; Boston memorial against, 144; Philadelphia and Baltimore memorials, 144. Essex Junto, ii. 29, 401, 403, 405, 412, 442, 462. Evans, Oliver, his experiments with a stern-wheel steamboat, i. 217. “Evening Post,” Gardenier’s supposed letter in, ii. 203. Eylau, the battle of, ii. 62, 105. Ferdinand, Prince of the Asturias, ii. 290; intrigues against his father, 291; described by Napoleon, 299. Ferrand, General, protests against the contraband trade with St. Domingo, i. 88. Finances, national, in 1805, i. 12, 18; in 1806, 210, 345; in 1807, ii. 148, 156; in 1808, 366.