History of the United States of America, Volume 4 (of 9) : $b During the second administration of Thomas JeffersonAdams, Henry
History
History of the United States of America, Volume 4 (of 9) : $b During the second administration of Thomas Jefferson
Adams, Henry
United States -- History -- 1801-1809; United States -- History -- 1809-1817
The Prince of Peace begged in vain that King Charles would dismiss
him and form a new ministry; the King could not endure a change.
Napoleon laughed at the proclamation, but he knew Godoy to be his only
serious enemy at Madrid. He took infinite pains, and exhausted the
extraordinary resources of his cunning, in order to get possession
of Spain without a blow. To do this, he forced Portugal into what he
called a war. Without noticing Godoy’s offence, immediately after
the peace of Tilsit, as has been already told, the Emperor ordered
the King of Portugal to execute the Berlin Decree. Unable to resist,
Portugal consented to shut her ports to English commerce, but objected
to confiscating British property. Without a moment’s delay, Napoleon,
October 12,[91] ordered General Junot, with an army of twenty thousand
men, to enter Spain within twenty-four hours, and march direct to
Lisbon; simultaneously he notified[92] the Spanish government that his
troops would be at Burgos, November 1; and that this time “it was not
intended to do as was done in the last war,--he must march straight to
Lisbon.”
After the peace of Tilsit, no Power in Europe pretended to question
Napoleon’s will, and for Spain to do so would have been absurd. King
Charles had to submit, and he sent an army to co-operate with Junot
against Portugal. The Emperor, who might at a single word have driven
King Charles as well as the King of Portugal from the throne, did not
say the word. Godoy’s proclamation had given France cause for war;
but Napoleon took no notice of the proclamation. He did not ask for
the punishment of Godoy; he not only left the old King in peace, but
took extraordinary care to soothe his fears. On the same day when he
ordered Junot to march, he wrote personally to reassure the King:[93]
“I will concert with your Majesty as to what shall be done with
Portugal; in any case the suzerainty shall belong to you, as you have
seemed to wish.” Yet four days later he ordered[94] another army of
thirty thousand men to be collected at Bayonne, to support Junot, who
had no enemy to fear. That his true campaign was against Spain, not
against Portugal, never admitted of a doubt; his orders to Junot hardly
concealed his object:[95]--
“Cause descriptions to be made for me of all the provinces through
which you pass,--the roads, the nature of the ground; send me
sketches. Charge engineer officers with this work, which it is
important to have; so that I can see the distance of the villages,
the nature of the country, the resources it offers.... I learn this
moment that Portugal has declared war on England and sent away the
English ambassador: this does not satisfy me; continue your march; I
have reason to believe that it is agreed upon with England in order to
give time for the English troops to come from Copenhagen. You must be
at Lisbon by December 1, as friend or as enemy. Maintain the utmost
harmony with the Prince of Peace.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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