History of the United States of America, Volume 8 (of 9) : $b During the second administration of James MadisonAdams, Henry
History
History of the United States of America, Volume 8 (of 9) : $b During the second administration of James Madison
Adams, Henry
United States -- History -- 1801-1809; United States -- History -- 1809-1817
“Four eighteen-pounders,” reported Major Forrest,[539] British
assistant-quartermaster-general, “were placed in a battery
formed of hogsheads of sugar, on the main road, to fire upon
the ship if she dropped down. Preparations were also made to
establish batteries,--one of six eighteen-pounders, and one
of four twenty-four-pound carronades; also batteries for the
field-pieces and howitzers, the latter to keep the fire of
the enemy under, while the troops were to be moved forward in
readiness to storm the works as soon as a practicable breach was
effected.”
According to Peddie’s sketch the Battery No. 6, on the road or new
levee, contained not four but two guns. Battery No. 5, some fifty yards
from No. 6, contained six guns, as Major Forrest reported. Battery No.
4, to the left of the old levee, contained four guns, probably the
carronades. Battery No. 3, to the right of the old levee, contained
five guns, probably the field-pieces and howitzers. In all, seventeen
guns bore on the American lines,--besides seven, in Batteries No. 7 and
No. 8, bearing on Commodore Patterson’s three-gun battery across the
river. According to Gleig,[540] the British had thirty guns; but in
any case they used not less than twenty-four guns, throwing a heavier
weight of metal than was thrown by the fifteen pieces used by the
Americans. The British artillery was served by regular artillerists.
These details were particularly interesting, because the artillery
battle of Jan. 1, 1815, offered the best test furnished during the
war of relative skill in the use of that arm. The attack had every
advantage over the defence. The British could concentrate their fire
to effect a breach for their troops to enter; the Americans were
obliged to disperse their fire on eight points. The American platforms
being elevated, offered a better target than was afforded by the low
British batteries, and certainly were no better protected. Three of
the American guns were in battery across the river, three quarters of
a mile from the main British battery of six eighteen-pounders, while
the “Louisiana’s” carronades were beyond range, and the “Louisiana”
herself was not brought into action.[541] On the American side the
battle was fought entirely by the guns in Jackson’s lines and in
Patterson’s battery across the river,--one thirty-two-pounder, four
twenty-four-pounders, one eighteen-pounder, five twelve-pounders,
three six-pounders, and a howitzer,--fifteen American guns in all,
matched against ten British eighteen-pounders, four twenty-four-pound
carronades, and ten field-pieces and howitzers,--twenty-four guns in
all. If the British field-pieces were twelves and nines, the weight
of metal was at least three hundred and fifty pounds on the British
side against two hundred and twenty-four pounds on the American side,
besides two howitzers against one.
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