Castlereagh, Lord, on Howick’s Order in Council, iv. 80, 81; becomes War Secretary, 81; urges retaliation on France, 83, 90, 325, 421; his supposed failures as Secretary of War, v. 47, 48, 106, 107; his quarrel with Canning, 56, 57; his duel with Canning, 107; retires from the cabinet, 107; becomes Foreign Secretary, vi. 216; his instructions to Foster of April 10, 1812, 216, 220; announces suspension of Orders in Council, 286; his statement of number of American seamen in British service, 456; his remarks to Russell, Aug. 24, 1812, vi. 416; vii. 2, 3; defends course of ministry, 11; his remarks on impressment, 19, 20; his remarks on the Czar’s offer of mediation, 29; declines Russian mediation in May, 1813, 340, 345, 346; his letter of July 5, declining mediation, 341, 342; his letter to Cathcart, July 13, offering direct negotiation with United States, 342, 343, 349, 350, 355; lukewarm about the American war, 356, 358, 360; his letter to Monroe, November 4, offering to negotiate directly, 360, 370; his offer accepted by Madison, 363, 371; his irresistible influence, 394; his disposition toward America, ix. 2, 7, 9; his instructions of July 28, 9, 10, 24; his choice of negotiators, 14; delays negotiation until August, 17; his instructions of August 14, 19; keeps the negotiation alive until October, 23; at Ghent, August 19, 24; his letter to Bathurst suggesting immediate peace, 25; at Vienna, embarrassed by the American war, 36; negotiates commercial convention with the United States, 104. Cathcart, Lord, iv. 64; British ambassador at St. Petersburg, vii. 28; his instructions of July 5, 1813, 341, 342; his comments on the Czar’s conduct, 350–354. Caulaincourt, Duc de Vicence, French ambassador in Russia, v. 412; recalled, 418; congratulates Adams, 419. Cazeneau, Mr., iii. 379. Census, of 1800, i. 1, 2; of 1810, Act for, v. 209. “Centinel,” Boston newspaper, of Sept. 10, 1814, quoted, viii. 223, 288, 289, 291, 299, 300; publishes peace, ix. 59, 60. Cevallos, Don Pedro de, Spanish Minister for Foreign Affairs, i. 371; ii. 23; remonstrates against the sale of Louisiana, 58; refuses to pay for French spoliations, 276, 279; his conditions on ratification of Spanish claims convention, 280; his comments on the Americans, 282, 283; alarmed by Pinckney, 284; complains of Pinckney’s conduct, 294; his negotiation with Monroe, iii. 24–36; refuses to countenance Burr’s designs, 249. Chamier, Frederick, lieutenant on the British frigate “Menelaus,” his account of house-burning on the Potomac, viii. 164.