History of the war in the Peninsula and in the south of France from the year 1807 to the year 1814, vol. 3Napier, William Francis Patrick
History
History of the war in the Peninsula and in the south of France from the year 1807 to the year 1814, vol. 3
Napier, William Francis Patrick
Peninsular War, 1807-1814
While the blockade of Cadiz proceeded, Seville scarcely required
a garrison, and in March, six hundred infantry, under colonel
Remond, and two hundred cavalry, commanded by the duke D’Aremberg,
were despatched from thence, against the viscount De Gand, who was
still at Ayamonte, vainly demanding refuge in Portugal. He had four
thousand troops, but declining an engagement, passed by his left
through Gibraleon into the Sierra de Aroche, bordering on the Condado
de Niebla. The French then occupied Moguer and Huelva, towns situated
at the mouths of the Odiel and Tinto rivers, from whence Cadiz had
hitherto drawn supplies, and the viscount returning to Ayamonte,
sailed with his troops to Cadiz, being replaced by general Copons,
who came with two thousand men to gather provisions on the lower
Guadiana, and in the Tinto and Odiel districts.
On the other side of Seville, Sebastiani had an uneasy task. The
vicinity of Gibraltar and of the Murcian army, the continued descents
on the coast, and the fierceness of the Moorish blood, rendered
Grenada the most disturbed portion of Andalusia, and a great part of
that fine province, visited by the horrors of insurrectional war, was
ravaged and laid waste.
In the northern parts of Andalusia, about Jaen and Cordoba, Dessolles
reduced the struggle to a trifling Guerilla warfare; but it was not
so in La Mancha, where the Partidas became so numerous and the war
so onerous, that one of Joseph’s ministers, writing to a friend,
described that province as peopled with beggars and brigands.
Meanwhile Estremadura was the scene of various complicated movements
and combats, producing no great results, indeed, but important as
being connected with and bearing on the defence of Portugal.
The Spanish and Portuguese line of frontier, south of the Tagus, may
be divided into three parts.
1º. From the Tagus to Badajos, on the Guadiana. 2º. From Badajos to
the Morena. 3º. From the Morena to the sea. Each of these divisions
is about sixty miles. Along the first, two-thirds of which is
mountainous and one-third undulating plains and thick woods, a double
chain of fortresses guard the respective frontiers. Alcantara,
Valencia de Alcantara, Albuquerque, and Badajos are the Spanish;
Montalvao, Castello de Vide, Marvao, Aronches, Campo Mayor, and
Elvas, the Portuguese places. The three first on either side are in
the mountains, the others in the open country, which spreads from the
Guadiana to Portalegre, a central point, from whence roads lead to
all the above-named fortresses.
From Badajos to the Morena, forms the second division of the country,
it is rugged and the chain of fortresses continued. On the Portuguese
side, Juramenha, Mourao and Moura; on the Spanish, Olivenza (formerly
Portuguese), Xeres de los Cavalleros, and Aroche.
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