History of the war in the Peninsula and in the south of France from the year 1807 to the year 1814, vol. 5Napier, William Francis Patrick
History
History of the war in the Peninsula and in the south of France from the year 1807 to the year 1814, vol. 5
Napier, William Francis Patrick
Peninsular War, 1807-1814
During the night and the following morning the allied army was
united in the position of the Arapiles, and Wellington still hoped
the French would give battle there; yet he placed the first division
at Aldea Tejada, on the Junguen stream, to secure that passage in
case Soult should finally oblige him to choose between Salamanca and
Ciudad Rodrigo. Meantime the army of Portugal finding the bridge
of Alba broken, and the castle occupied, crossed the Tormes at
Galisancho, and moved up to the ridge of Señora de Utiera; Soult,
who had commenced fortifying Mozarbes, extended his left at the same
time to the height of Señora de la Buena, near the Ciudad Rodrigo
road, yet slowly because the ground was heavy, deep, and the many
sources of the Junguen and the Valmusa streams were fast filling from
the rain and impeded his march. This evolution was nearly the same
as that practised by the duke of Ragusa at the battle of Salamanca;
but it was made on a wider circle, by a second range of heights
enclosing as it were those by which the duke of Ragusa moved on that
day, and consequently, beyond the reach of such a sudden attack and
catastrophe. The result in each case was remarkable. Marmont closing
with a short quick turn, a falcon striking at an eagle, received a
buffet that broke his pinions, and spoiled his flight. Soult, a wary
kite, sailing slowly and with a wide wheel to seize a helpless prey,
lost it altogether.
About two o’clock lord Wellington, feeling himself too weak to
attack, and seeing the French cavalry pointing to the Ciudad Rodrigo
road, judged the king’s design was to establish a fortified head
of cantonments at Mozarbes, and then operate against the allies’
communication with Ciudad Rodrigo; wherefore suddenly casting his
army into three columns, he crossed the Junguen, and then covering
his left flank with his cavalry and guns, defiled, in order of
battle, before the enemy at little more than cannon-shot. With a
wonderful boldness and facility, and good fortune also, for there was
a thick fog and a heavy rain which rendered the bye-ways and fields,
by which the enemy moved, nearly impassable, while the allies had the
use of the high roads, he carried his whole army in one mass quite
round the French left: thus he gained the Valmusa river, where he
halted for the night, in the rear of those who had been threatening
him in front, only a few hours before. This exploit was certainly
surprising, but it was not creditable to the generalship on either
side; for first it may be asked why the English commander, having
somewhat carelessly suffered Soult to pass the Tormes and turn his
position, waited so long on the Arapiles as to render this dangerous
movement necessary, a movement which a combination of bad roads, bad
weather, and want of vigour on the other side, rendered possible and
no more.
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