History of the war in the Peninsula and in the south of France from the year 1807 to the year 1814, vol. 6Napier, William Francis Patrick
History
History of the war in the Peninsula and in the south of France from the year 1807 to the year 1814, vol. 6
Napier, William Francis Patrick
Peninsular War, 1807-1814
Soult had however no intention of renewing the offensive. He had now
lost many thousand men in battle, and the old soldiers remaining
did not exceed seventy-nine thousand present under arms including
officers and artillery-men. Of this number the garrisons absorbed
about thirteen thousand, leaving sixty-six thousand in the field,
whereas the allies, counting Mina’s and Del Parque’s troops, now
at Tudela, Pampeluna, and the Val de Irati, exceeded one hundred
thousand, seventy-three thousand, including officers, sergeants, and
artillery-men, being British and Portuguese. And this was below the
calculation of the French general, for deceived by the exaggerated
reports which the Spaniards always made of their forces, he thought
Del Parque had brought up twenty thousand men and that there were
one hundred and forty thousand combatants in his front. But it was
not so, and as conscripts of a good description were now joining the
French army rapidly, and the national guards of the Pyrenees were
many, it was in the number of soldiers rather than of men, that the
English general had the advantage.
In this state of affairs Soult’s policy was to maintain a strict
defensive, under cover of which the spirit of the troops might be
revived, the country in the rear organized, and the conscripts
disciplined and hardened to war. The loss of the Lower Bidassoa was
in a political view mischievous to him, it had an injurious effect
upon the spirit of the frontier departments, and gave encouragement
to the secret partizans of the Bourbons; but in a military view
it was a relief. The great development of the mountains bordering
the Bidassoa had rendered their defence difficult; while holding
them he had continual fear that his line would be pierced and his
army suddenly driven beyond the Adour. His position was now more
concentrated.
[Sidenote: Plan 6.]
The right, under Reille, formed two lines. One across the royal road
on the fortified heights of Urogne and the camp of the Sans Culottes;
the other in the entrenched camps of Bourdegain and Belchena,
covering St. Jean de Luz and barring the gorges of Olhette and
Jollimont.
The centre under Clauzel was posted on the ridges between Ascain and
Amotz holding the smaller Rhune in advance; but one division was
retained by Soult in the camp of Serres on the right of the Nivelle,
overhanging Ascain. To replace it one of D’Erlon’s divisions crossed
to the left of the Nivelle and reinforced Clauzel’s left flank above
Sarre.
Villatte’s reserve was about St. Jean de Luz but having the Italian
brigade in the camp of Serres.
D’Erlon’s remaining divisions continued in their old position, the
right connected with Clauzel’s line by the bridge of Amotz; the left,
holding the Choupera and Mondarin mountains, bordered on the Nive.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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