of great sincerity, and if there was in his pamphlet some of the spirit of the prophets,³ this was essentially in his cry for self-help, in his warnings not to trust in others, in his appeal to national dignity and energy. To superficial minds, the idea of this modern scientist unconsciously re-echoing the warnings of the prophets not to trust in Egypt or in Assyria may seem exaggerated, but the apparently far-fetched comparison is absolutely sane, for it is based on the sanest of all conceptions――the unity of the Jewish national idea throughout hundreds of generations. ¹ _Ibid._, _p._ 19. ² _Ibid._, _p._ 21. ³ _Ibid._, _p._ 21. “He came to take part in the work of the _Chovevé Zion_.... He understood perfectly well that their work was very far removed from the great project of which he dreamt ... but when he saw a small group of men, with insignificant means, putting forth every possible effort to carry out a national project, small and poor though it was in comparison with his own ideal, Pinsker could not help lending a hand to those who were engaged in this work, seeing in them the nucleus of an organization, and the small beginning of the national resolution.”¹ He encouraged and supported the work of the _Chovevé Zion_ (Lovers of _Zion_) as the first President of the Odessa Committee, and paved the way for modern Zionism. He died at Odessa, his native town, at the age of sixty-nine, on the 21st of December, 1891. ¹ _Ibid._, _p._ 24. CHAPTER XL. THE COLONIZATION OF PALESTINE Jewish immigration into England――A meeting for the establishment of Jewish colonies in Palestine――The foundation of the Society “_Kadima_”――The Opposition――The opinions of English authorities on Palestine――Col. Conder――General Sir Charles Warren――Lord Swaythling――Earl of Rosebery――A petition to Abdul Hamid, _Sultan_ of Turkey. THROUGH the persecutions of the Jews in different countries large numbers of fugitives had found their way to England. Many of these, ignorant of the language and customs of this country, had to endure great hardships. Although some of them succeeded in the struggle for existence under such unfavourable conditions, there were many others to whom England could not afford the prospect of gaining a livelihood.