Homestead : $b A complete history of the struggle of July, 1892, between the Carnegie-Steel Company, Limited, and the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel WorkersBurgoyne, Arthur Gordon
History
Homestead : $b A complete history of the struggle of July, 1892, between the Carnegie-Steel Company, Limited, and the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers
Burgoyne, Arthur Gordon
Homestead Strike, Homestead, Pa., 1892
On August 3, Vice-President Morton appointed a committee of senators,
composed of Messrs. Gallinger, Pfeffer, Hansbrough, Felton, Sanders,
White and Hill to investigate the Pinkerton corporation. Action by this
body was deferred until after the Presidential election, the chairman
being a stalwart Republican and averse to the opening of proceedings
which might furnish campaign material to the Democrats.
It was not long until the backbone of the sympathy strikes declared at
the Carnegie mills at Lawrenceville, Duquesne and Beaver Falls showed
signs of weakening. At Lawrenceville, the company took precautions
similar to those taken at Homestead. An eight-foot board fence was built
round the mill yard and no person was admitted without a pass from the
superintendent. The strikers placed pickets on guard, but, despite their
vigilance, several hundred non-union men were spirited in and on August
1, the plate mill was started. One hundred and fifty uniformed policemen
and the entire force of city detectives were detailed, at the request of
the firm, to protect the mill property at this time. After one day's
service the majority of the officers were withdrawn, but enough were
left on duty to guard all entrances and approaches to the mill. For the
accommodation of the non-unionists, who dared not venture out, cots were
set up in the carpenter shop, a rough-and-ready cuisine was improvised,
and beer was brought in from the neighboring breweries. The force of
"scab" employees increased rapidly, and in a short time, the watchers
without began to lose heart and relax their vigilance. Nevertheless the
Lawrenceville strike was prolonged for a year, or twice as long as the
strike at Homestead, although the Lawrenceville men had signed a
contract with the Carnegie Company and had no grievance of their own.
When the strike was ultimately declared off, few of the men who went out
were employed again by the firm and many of them found themselves
reduced to poverty.
The Duquesne strike was of short duration. The men had been hastily
organized and the new-born spirit of unionism among them was not strong
enough to inspire and maintain mutual confidence. A report that
non-union men had been secured and that the mill would be started on
August 4 caused a stampede, several hundred of the strikers discarding
their allegiance to the Amalgamated Association and rushing pell-mell
to the mill when it opened up, fearing that their jobs were slipping
away from them, perhaps forever.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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