Homestead : $b A complete history of the struggle of July, 1892, between the Carnegie-Steel Company, Limited, and the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel WorkersBurgoyne, Arthur Gordon
History
Homestead : $b A complete history of the struggle of July, 1892, between the Carnegie-Steel Company, Limited, and the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers
Burgoyne, Arthur Gordon
Homestead Strike, Homestead, Pa., 1892
At the hearing on the conspiracy charge against Hugh O'Donnell, George
W. Sarver, David Lynch, William T. Roberts and William McConegy, before
Alderman McMasters, a sensation was created by the testimony of George
S. Hotchkiss, an assistant superintendent in the employ of the Pinkerton
agency. Hotchkiss swore that he had held several conferences with Jack
Clifford, of the Homestead advisory board, and obtained from Clifford
information incriminating O'Donnell and others. The nature of Clifford's
revelations was not made known, objection to the admission of
second-hand testimony being raised by attorney Brennen for the defense
and sustained by the magistrate; but the report went out that Clifford
had turned informer and caused consternation among the strikers. The
members of the advisory board, however, defended their associate and
explained that he had conferred with the Pinkerton man solely for the
purpose of "pumping" him. Subsequent events bore out this assertion. The
five men heard before 'Squire McMasters were held for a court trial.
Shortly after O'Donnell and his companions had been disposed of,
Clifford was arrested on a second charge of murder, preferred by the
industrious Lovejoy, and committed to jail. He was also held for
conspiracy, but gave bail on this charge. Next day his application for
bail on the murder charge was brought before Judge Ewing, as was also
that of Matthew Foy. Foy, against whom there was practically no
evidence, was released on $10,000 bail. The testimony against Clifford,
however, was very damaging. Captain John Cooper, of the Pinkerton
agency, swore that when the Pinkerton barges approached the mill landing
at Homestead, he saw Clifford among a crowd of strikers with a pistol in
his hand, and heard him shout, "You ---- ---- ----, don't come ashore,
or we'll kill all of you." Clifford, he said, was the man who approached
the barges with a white flag and arranged for the surrender. Samuel
Stewart, a clerk in the employ of the Carnegie Company, testified that
he saw Clifford attach a fuse to a piece of dynamite fixed in an iron
pipe and hurl this crude bomb at the barges, and that he noticed a
revolver sticking out of the defendant's pocket. On the strength of this
testimony, Clifford was committed for trial without bail. Judge Ewing
refused to hear evidence as to who fired the first shot and said in his
opinion: "The parties on the shore had no duties to perform except to go
away, or as good citizens, to put down the crowd that this defendant,
Clifford, was with. There is no question--there _can_ be no question--of
self-defense about it. I say that we will not go into it, especially in
this preliminary matter."
On September 21, the grand jury returned true bills in all the Homestead
cases presented to that body, 167 in number. The following is the list:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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