Homestead : $b A complete history of the struggle of July, 1892, between the Carnegie-Steel Company, Limited, and the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel WorkersBurgoyne, Arthur Gordon
History
Homestead : $b A complete history of the struggle of July, 1892, between the Carnegie-Steel Company, Limited, and the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers
Burgoyne, Arthur Gordon
Homestead Strike, Homestead, Pa., 1892
The prevalence of disorder caused a meeting of protest to be held by the
leading professional and businessmen of Homestead, and resolutions were
adopted calling upon the sheriff, in case the trouble continued and he
should be unable to suppress it, to apply to the Governor for aid. The
members of the advisory board also condemned the disposition to defy the
law and used their best efforts to put a stop to the misdeeds of the
rougher element.
William Gaches, treasurer of the strikers' organization, was kept busy,
day in and day out, receiving and disbursing funds for the relief of the
strikers, although as time wore on, the golden stream of contributions
began to dwindle unpleasantly. A goodly lift was given to the relief
fund by the celebration of "Homestead Day" in Chicago, on October 29,
when each of the 90,000 union workmen in that city was expected to
contribute a day's wages. The receipts from this source were estimated
by the newspapers at $40,000. Even that sum, however, was only a
stop-gap. A mint of money was needed to support the 4,000 idle men at
Homestead, and, however generous the subscriptions from abroad, it was
impossible that the enormous expense of maintaining this army of
unemployed persons could be kept up much longer.
Mr. Frick was a steady visitor to the works and made arrangements for
elaborate improvements. He rather surprised the strikers by removing
John A. Potter from the superintendency and substituting Charles M.
Schwab, who had been serving as manager of the Braddock mill. As Mr.
Schwab was known to be a genial and amiable gentleman, and Mr. Potter
was the reverse of popular, the strikers formed the conclusion that the
removal of the latter was intended to placate them, and perhaps to serve
as a means of hastening desertions from the Amalgamated ranks. Mr.
Potter lost nothing by the change, inasmuch as he was appointed chief
mechanical engineer of the Carnegie Company, a transfer which was
equivalent to a promotion.
The first week of November was marked by a feeling of unusual uneasiness
among the Amalgamated men. Dissatisfaction was rife among the
mechanics and desertions from their ranks began to multiply rapidly.
Superintendent Schwab labored industriously among the old hands, holding
out extraordinary inducements to tempt back to work those whose superior
skill rendered their services almost indispensable.
The Federation officials sought to buoy the men up and revive the
determined spirit which had been exhibited in the early stages of the
conflict. Mr. Gompers taxed his powers of oratory to the utmost. William
Weihe, Chris. Evans, David Lynch and others made stirring appeals; but
all without avail. Disaffection had found a lodgment and it was too late
now to prevent the stampede which every one felt was soon to come.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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