No one has the exact figures on how many people are employed in all the
industries of the colony beyond the registered and recorded factories and
including every category. But 1,200,000 have some sort of job, whether
working at home, in factories, on farms, at sea or for the government.
Government employs about 50,000.
There is no minimum wage. Most workers are paid by the day or on a
piece-work basis. Normal daily wages of industrial workers are 50
cents to $1.30 for the unskilled, $1.20 to $1.70 for semiskilled, and
$1.30 to $3.50 for skilled men. Women get 30 percent less than men.
Overtime is at time and a quarter or time and a half, with the latter
prevalent. Incentive pay is given for good performance and attendance.
Some companies provide free or subsidized food to compensate workers
for cost-of-living jumps. A bonus of one month’s wages is paid by many
companies just before the Chinese New Year.
As a rule the European firms and a few westernized Chinese firms provide
a cost of living allowance on top of the basic wage. Yet in spite of
rapid industrial expansion, inflation has been slight; the index rose
only 22 points between 1947 and 1961. The eight-hour day and six-day,
48-hour week are observed by most European companies, but some Chinese
companies have an 11-hour day. Women and all workers under eighteen are
given a second rest day a week by law. Many big companies, especially
those dealing in textiles, provide dormitories and free bedding for
unmarried workers; some house the families of married workers, and the
government encourages this practice by providing land for such quarters
at half the market price. A few companies provide recreation rooms and
free transportation to and from the job. Workmen’s compensation insurance
has been prescribed by law since 1953. Women, as well as children under
fourteen years old, may not work between 8 P.M. and 7 A.M.
Hong Kong wages look tiny to an American worker who earns more in an hour
than a colony factory hand receives in a day. But the chasm between the
two standards of living is not so vast. The Hong Kong worker takes the
bus, streetcar or ferryboat for less than two cents a ride; his lunch
costs about ten cents, and his month’s rent is under $5.00 if he lives in
a resettlement estate, and below $23 a month if he occupies a low-income
Housing Authority development unit.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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