It should, therefore, be clearly understood at this point that vaccination as now practiced is really only a form of human smallpox or “variola” combined with “cowpox” and that the vaccine virus now in use is produced directly from and originates in the virus of human smallpox, which is transplanted on the body of the cow and thence used on the human body, so that it necessarily conveys both human and cow infections to the human body; whereas the original vaccination of Jenner was taken from some much disputed or unknown disease in the horse or cow and thence transferred directly to the human arm, and thence from arm to arm. This was found to be such a dangerous practice that it was long ago condemned and abandoned, and the present practice of combined human and bovine smallpox adopted, which I believe to be as dangerous as the old arm-to-arm vaccination--if not more so. As present vaccination is, therefore, a combination of human smallpox and cow disease, should there be any wonder if it should convey to the human body, at any time, some mild or deadly form of smallpox, or some mild or deadly form of cow disease as shown in the several cases herein illustrated? And it is a serious question here whether these cases of cow disease and vaccinal disease herein illustrated are not all really only various forms of that very various disease known as “variola” or smallpox and all caused by vaccination, which is itself, essentially, smallpox at base and origin! Indeed, many students of this subject believe that modern vaccination, which originates from smallpox virus, is partly responsible for causing modern epidemics of smallpox, just as the old prohibited inoculation with smallpox virus was proved to spread the disease and cause epidemics which declined as soon as this inoculation was abandoned and prohibited by penal law. In the same way smallpox has declined in every modern sanitary community where vaccination has been reduced or abandoned, as already shown on page 22, and this being the fact, the abolishment of all compulsory vaccination, and the allowance of voluntary vaccination only, must, surely, to say the least, commend itself to all thoughtful and reasonable minds as a most wise, safe and conservative sanitary and hygienic reform! It should also be understood at this point that investigators have, so far, failed to discover or isolate the specific germs of smallpox “vaccinia” and foot and mouth disease, but these germs are all known to belong to the class of microbes termed “ultra-microscopic” and “filterable,” that is, so fine and minute that they cannot be distinguished by the microscope and will pass through the finest filters without change. This shows that the germ of foot and mouth disease, whatever it may be, is in the same class with that of smallpox and vaccinia, and may ultimately prove to be identical or closely related, as I contend and believe to be the fact.