Horse-hoeing husbandry : $b or, an essay on the principles of vegetation and tillage. Designed to introduce a new method of culture; whereby the produce of land will be increased, and the usual expence lessened. Together with accurate descriptions and cuts of the instruments employed in it.Tull, Jethro
Science
Horse-hoeing husbandry : $b or, an essay on the principles of vegetation and tillage. Designed to introduce a new method of culture; whereby the produce of land will be increased, and the usual expence lessened. Together with accurate descriptions and cuts of the instruments employed in it.
Tull, Jethro
Agriculture -- Early works to 1800; Plows; Tillage
_Resp._ It has been used with very great Success for these several
Years last past, but never like to be common, unless it be described in
a more geometrical Manner, than any Plough has hitherto been; for the
Plough-wrights find it difficult enough to make a common Plough with
one Coulter to perform as it ought, for want of the necessary Rules of
their Art. It is upon this Account that the Two-coulter’d Ploughs are
used in few Places, though they have been found of excellent Use, and
have been formerly common: But, alas! when the Makers, who by their
diligent Study and much Practice had attained the Perfection of their
Art, died for want of learning to write their Rules mathematically, and
shew how the mechanical Powers were applicable to them, the Art was in
a Manner lost, at the Death of those Artists; and then the unskilful
Plough-wrights, destitute of the true Rules, were not able to make a
Two-coulter’d Plough to perform well, and then it was left off. Very
lately ’tis revived, since the Three and Four-coulter’d ones have been
used; from whence some have made a Shift to take the Rules of placing
Two Coulters into a Plough, and they begin to be common again; and, no
doubt, will cease again as soon as the Rules are forgot.
[Illustration: _Page 291_
_Plate. I._
_B.Cole. Delin. et Sculp._]
’Tis strange that no Author should have written fully of the Fabric
of Ploughs! Men of the greatest Learning have spent their Time in
contriving Instruments to measure the immense Distance of the Stars,
and in finding out the Dimensions, and even Weight, of the Planets:
They think it more eligible to study the Art of plowing the Sea with
Ships, than of tilling the Land with Ploughs; they bestow the utmost of
their Skill, learnedly, to pervert the natural Use of all the Elements
for Destruction of their own Species, by the bloody Art of War. Some
waste their whole Lives in studying how to arm Death with new Engines
of Horror, and inventing an infinite Variety of Slaughter; but think it
beneath Men of Learning (who only are capable of doing it) to employ
their learned Labours in the Invention of new (or even improving the
old) Instruments for increasing of Bread.
The easiest Method of perpetuating the Use of the many coulter’d
Ploughs, and other newly-invented Instruments of Husbandry, is by
Models, _i. e._ the Things themselves in little; and these may be all
portable even in a Man’s Pocket: Every Part must be fully described,
with the true Dimensions, and the mathematical Reasons, on which their
Contrivance is founded. Directions also for using them must be given
at the same time that their Manner of making is described. In some,
the very Horses which draw must be represented, to shew the manner of
fixing the Horses, and the Traces: Cautions against all the Errors that
may happen by the want of Experience in the Makers or Users, must be
given.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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