Horse-hoeing husbandry : $b or, an essay on the principles of vegetation and tillage. Designed to introduce a new method of culture; whereby the produce of land will be increased, and the usual expence lessened. Together with accurate descriptions and cuts of the instruments employed in it.Tull, Jethro
Science
Horse-hoeing husbandry : $b or, an essay on the principles of vegetation and tillage. Designed to introduce a new method of culture; whereby the produce of land will be increased, and the usual expence lessened. Together with accurate descriptions and cuts of the instruments employed in it.
Tull, Jethro
Agriculture -- Early works to 1800; Plows; Tillage
The greatest Difference of having an equal Crop from a small Number
of strong Plants, and from a great Number of weak ones, is, that the
Soil is vastly less exhausted by the former than by the latter, not
only from the latter’s exhausting more in proportion to their Number
when young, and whilst each of them consumes as much Nourishment as
each of the small Number; but also from the different Increase that
a strong Plant makes by receiving the same Proportion of Food with a
weak one: For it appears from Dr. _Woodward_’s Experiments, that the
Plant which receives the _least_ Increase carries off the _greatest_
Quantity of Nourishment in proportion to that Increase; and that
’tis the same with an Animal, all who are acquainted with fatting of
Swine know; for they eat much more Food daily for the first Two Weeks
of their being put into the Sty, than they do afterwards, when they
thrive faster; the fatter they grow, the less they eat.
Hence, I think, it may be inferred, that a Plant, which, by never
having been robbed or stinted by other Plants, is strong, receives a
much greater Increase from an equal Quantity of Food, than a Number
of weak Plants (as thick ones are), equalling the Bulk of the single
strong Plant, do.
And this of the Doctor’s have I seen by my own Observations confirmed
in the Field in Potatoes, Turneps, Wheat, and Barley; a following
Crop succeeds better after an equal Crop, consisting of a bare
competent Number of strong Plants, than after a Crop of thick weak
ones, _cæteris paribus_.
Thus the hoed Crops, if well managed, consisting of fewer and
stronger Plants than the sown Crops of equal Produce, exhaust the
Ground less; whereby, and by the much (I had almost said infinitely)
greater Pulveration of the Soil, indifferent good Land may, for any
thing I have yet seen to the contrary, produce profitable Crops
always without Manure, or Change of _Species_, if the Soil be
proper for it in respect of Heat and Moisture; and also as Crops of
some _Species_, by their living longer, by their greater Bulk, or
different Constitution, exhaust more than others, respect ought to be
had to the Degree of Richness of the Soil, that is to produce each
_Species_: The Sowing and the Hoeing Husbandry differ so much both in
Pulveration and Exhaustion, that no good Argument can be drawn from
the former against the latter: But tho’ a too great Number of Plants
be, upon many Accounts, very injurious to the Crop, yet ’tis best to
have a competent Number; which yet needs not be so exact, but that we
may expect a great Crop from Twenty, Forty, or Fifty Plants in a Yard
of the treble Row, if well managed.
All these Advantages will be lost by those Drillers, who do not
overcome the unreasonable Prejudices of the unexperienced, concerning
the Width of Intervals.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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