How Britannia Came to Rule the Waves: Updated to 1900Kingston, William Henry Giles
History
How Britannia Came to Rule the Waves: Updated to 1900
Kingston, William Henry Giles
Great Britain. Royal Navy -- History
Although there were few trophies, the result of the victory was
completely to disconcert Napoleon's plans, and to prevent him from
invading England. Four ships which escaped after the action were
captured by Sir Richard Strachan on the 4th of November, and not while
the war continued did the French and Spanish navies ever recover the
tremendous blow they had received off Cape Trafalgar. Thus, of the once
formidable French and Spanish fleet of 35 sail of the line, 2 were taken
by Sir Robert Calder, 4 of those captured at Trafalgar were carried into
Gibraltar, as were the 4 taken by Sir Richard Strachan, 15 were sunk or
were burnt or wrecked; 3 only fit for sea escaped into Cadiz; while 7,
so severely battered as to be mere wrecks, got into the same port,
making up the whole number mentioned. In vain for some time did
Napoleon attempt to send another fleet to sea. His ships were either
blockaded by the British squadrons, or, when they did manage to escape,
were attacked and beaten by our fleets. At the same time small
squadrons or single cruisers running out of port committed much havoc on
English commerce; not, however, with impunity. Numerous actions between
light squadrons and single ships took place. The enemy, indeed, were
never safe, even in port; and expeditions to cut out vessels in the
harbours or under the protection of forts were much in vogue.
The navy of England was, at the commencement of 1806, larger than it had
ever before been, consisting of 551 cruisers in commission, of which 104
were line-of-battle ships; in addition to which 26 were building or
being built, and 10 in ordinary, a large proportion of the rest being
frigates carrying from 56 to 28 guns.
A new method had been introduced to strengthen ships by diagonal braces
or by doubling or sheathing them with plank, and sometimes when they
were in bad condition both bracing and doubling them. By this means 22
sail of the line, several frigates, and other smaller vessels had been
made fit for active service.
In this year, also, was launched the first British ship of war
constructed of teak. Two first-rate ships also were ordered, the
_Nelson_ and the _Caledonia_, of a tonnage and force double that of many
of the old ships of the line. To man this large fleet Parliament made a
vote of 120,000 seamen and marines.
The four ships captured by Sir Richard Strachan were carried into
Plymouth, and were added to the British Navy, the _Formidable_ having
the name of _Brave_ given to her, the _Duguay-Trouin_ that of the
_Implacable_, while the _Scipion_ and _Mont Blanc_ were allowed to
retain their former names. The _Implacable_ and _Scipion_ were,
however, the only ships considered as fit for service.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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