How to become a scientist : $b Giving interesting and instructive experiments in chemistry, mechanics, acoustics and pyrotechnicsWarford, Aaron A.
Science
How to become a scientist : $b Giving interesting and instructive experiments in chemistry, mechanics, acoustics and pyrotechnics
Warford, Aaron A.
Scientific recreations
Solutions of muriate of lime and carbonate of potash will answer as
well.
To Form a Liquid From Two Solids.
Rub together in a Wedgewood mortar a small quantity of sulphate of soda
and acetate of lead, and as they mix they will become liquid.
Carbonate of ammonia and sulphate of copper, previously reduced to
powder separately, will also, when mixed, become liquid, and acquire a
most splendid blue color.
The greater number of salts have a tendency to assume regular forms, or
become _crystallized_, when passing from the fluid to the solid state;
and the size and regularity of the crystals depend in a great measure
on the slow or rapid escape of the fluid in which they were dissolved.
Sugar is a capital example of this property; the ordinary loaf-sugar
being rapidly boiled down, as it is called: while to make sugar-candy,
which is nothing but sugar in a crystallized form, the solution is
allowed to evaporate slowly, and as it cools it forms into those
beautiful crystals termed sugar-candy. The threads found in the center
of some of the crystals are merely placed for the purpose of hastening
the formation of the crystals.
Experiments.
1. Make a strong solution of alum, or of sulphate of copper, or blue
vitriol, and place in them rough and irregular pieces of clinker from
stoves, or wire-baskets, and set them by in a cool place, where they
will be free from dust, and in a few days crystals of the several salts
will deposit themselves on the baskets, etc.; they should then be taken
out of the solutions, and dried, when they form very pretty ornaments
for a room.
2. Fill a Florence flask up to the neck with a strong solution of
sulphate of soda, or Glauber’s salt, boil it, and tie the mouth over
with a piece of moistened bladder while boiling, and set it by in
a place where it cannot be disturbed. After twenty-four hours it
will probably still remain fluid. Pierce the bladder covering with
a penknife, and the entrance of the air will cause the whole mass
instantly to crystallize, and the flask will become quite warm from the
latent caloric, of which we have spoken before, given out by the salt
in passing from the fluid to the solid state. It is better to prepare
two or three flasks at the same time, to provide against accidents, for
the least shake will often cause crystallization to take place before
the proper time.
Changes of Color Produced by Colorless Liquids.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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