How to become an inventor : $b Containing experiments in photography, hydraulics, galvanism and electricity, magnetism, heat, and the wonders of the microscopeWarford, Aaron A.
Science
How to become an inventor : $b Containing experiments in photography, hydraulics, galvanism and electricity, magnetism, heat, and the wonders of the microscope
Warford, Aaron A.
Scientific recreations
If a soap-bubble be blown up, and set under a glass, so that the motion
of air may not affect it, as the water glides down the sides and the
top grows thinner, several colors will successively appear at the top,
and spread themselves from thence down the sides of the bubble, till
they vanish in the same order in which they appeared. At length a black
spot appears at the top, and spreads till the bubble bursts.
THE KALEIDOSCOPE.
If any object be placed between two plane mirrors, inclined towards
each other at an angle of thirty degrees, three several images will
be perceived in the circumference of a circle. On this principle is
formed the kaleidoscope, invented by Sir David Brewster, and by means
of which the reflected images viewed from a particular point exhibit
symmetrical figures, under an infinite arrangement of beautiful forms
and colors. The kaleidoscope may be bought at any novelty store, but
it is requisite that every young person should be able to construct
one for himself. He must, therefore, procure a tube of tin or paper,
of about ten inches in length, and two and a half or three inches in
diameter. One end of this should be stopped up with tin or paper,
securely fastened, in which is to be made a hole, about the size of a
small pea, for the eye to look through. Two pieces of well-silvered
looking-glass are now to be procured; they must be not quite so long
as the tube, and they should be placed in it lengthways, at an angle
of 60 degrees, meeting together in a point, and separating to an angle
wide enough to insert the third piece; the polished surfaces looking
inwards. A circular piece of the glass is now to be laid on the top of
the edges of the reflectors; which, by their not being quite so long as
the tube, will allow room for its falling in, and it will be supported
by the edges of the tube, which may be slightly bent over, to prevent
the glass from falling out. This having been done, now proceed to make
the “cap” of the instrument. A rim of tin or pasteboard must be cut,
so as to fit over the glass end of the tube; and in this, on the outer
side, a piece of ground glass must be fastened, so that the whole may
fit on the tube like the lid of a pill-box. Then, before putting it
on, obtain some small pieces of broken glass of various colors, beads,
little strips of wire, or any other object, and place them in the
cap; and by passing it over the end, so that the broken glass, etc.,
has free motion, the instrument is complete. To use it, apply the eye
to the small hole, and, on turning it, the most beautiful forms will
appear, in the most wonderful combinations.
The following curious calculation has been made of the number of
changes this instrument will admit of. Supposing it to contain 20 small
pieces of glass, and that you make 10 changes in a minute, it will
take an inconceivable space of time, _i.e._ 462,880,899,576 years, and
360 days, to go through the immense number of changes of which it is
capable.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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