How to Study ArchitectureCaffin, Charles H. (Charles Henry)
History
How to Study Architecture
Caffin, Charles H. (Charles Henry)
Architecture -- History
=City Halls.=--Out of the variety of City Halls space permits only a
comparison of two famous ones--those of =Cologne= and =Bremen=. Both are
Gothic buildings modified by Renaissance additions. In the case of
=Cologne= the two-storied porch was added in 1571. In style and detail, it
is more purely Italian than usual. So much so, that it presents a
somewhat incongruous addition. On the other hand, the Renaissance façade
of the =Bremen= Hall, is more in harmony with the original Gothic edifice.
It is true the arches of the arcades are pointed instead of round; but
the spacing, proportions, and treatment of the upper masonry are very
Italian in feeling. Again, while the windows are capped with pediments,
they retain the mullions and, which is more significant, the height of
the older, purely Gothic lights. Finally, the façade is crowned by a
cornice, markedly Italian in the depth of its projection, above which
appears the characteristically German roof and dormer gables. This
façade, in fact, erected in 1611, presents another example of
intelligent combination of the two styles.
=Domestic.=--As an example of domestic architecture we may study the
famous =Pellershaus=, of =Nüremburg=. The masonry of the wall is rusticated
throughout. The treatment of the first story with its arched doorway and
windows is as massively reposeful as that of a Florentine palace; while,
except for the corbels alternating with the pilasters in the support of
the entablature and the corbel-supported bay windows, the upper stories
present a quite Italian orderliness. It is only in the huge dormer gable
that the German feeling is allowed full play. The architect has utilised
Italian principles of design; but he has emphasised the projection of
the pilasters and of the entablatures that break around them; has
exercised his German taste in the details of the pilasters; retained the
German steps to the gable and embellished them with the characteristic
ornament of obelisks, but has also filled in the angles with curving
buttresses and, when he reached the summit, let himself go in the way of
enrichments, using German gaines, the French bull’s-eye, and Italian
pediment, on which, with a fine flourish of German independence, he
props a statue! Note also the pilasters and curved pediments of the
small dormer windows.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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