Henry’s partiality for Italian artists may well have been inspired by the example of Francis I, whom he met in 1520 on the celebrated “Field of the Cloth of Gold.” At any rate there are many examples of sculpture, dating from the first half of the sixteenth century, represented in tombs, choir-screens, and organ-screens, which were purely Italian in their decorative design and of marked refinement. Terra-cotta enrichments, of similarly pure Italian craftsmanship, are to be seen in certain specimens of domestic architecture, such as =Sutton Place=, near =Guildford=, Surrey, and the entrance tower of =Layer Marney, Essex=, both of which were completed in 1525. The suppression of the monasteries, 1536-1540, resulted in a revival of architecture, for in many cases the buildings were bestowed upon laymen who converted them into mansions, while a large part of the Church funds was devoted by Henry VIII and Edward VI to the erection and endowment of Grammar Schools. ELIZABETHAN AND JACOBEAN PERIODS Under Elizabeth England reached a hitherto unexampled prosperity and the period is one of country-house building, in which especial attention began to be paid to the allied art of landscape gardening. Among the most famous are: =Burghley House= and =Kirby Hall=, =Northamptonshire=; =Knoll= and =Penshurst=, in =Kent=; =Charlecote=, =Warwickshire=; =Longleat House= and =Longford Castle=, =Wiltshire=; =Wollaton=, =Nottinghamshire=, and =Haddon Hall=, =Derbyshire=. Some of the mansions built during the reign of James I, the so-called “Jacobean Period,” are =Holland House, Kensington=; =Bolsover Castle, Derbyshire=; =Old Charlecote House, Kent=; =Audley End, Essex=; =Hatfield, Hertfordshire=; =Ham House, Surrey=; =Bramshill, Hampshire=; =Bickling Hall, Norfolk=; and =Aston Hall, Birmingham=, which was completed in the following reign. The houses mentioned in both these lists are constructed of stone or brick; but timber construction was still employed, especially in Cheshire, Lancashire, and Shropshire. To these periods also belong the following Colleges. In Cambridge: =The Gate of Honour, Caius=; =Emmanuel=; the courts of =Sidney Sussex= and =St. John’s=; the quadrangle, =Clare=, and =Nevill Court=, =Trinity=. In Oxford, =Jesus=, =Wadham=, =Pembroke=, =Merton Library=, and the =Gateway of the Schools=, now the =Bodleian Library=. It is of little advantage to try to distinguish between the Elizabethan and the Jacobean period. Both represent a progression from the Gothic in the direction chiefly of superior conditions of comfortable living; but they retain many of the Gothic characteristics, while the modifications, more or less Renaissance, are in the manner of embellishments, and applied not according to any structural principles but as opportunities of imitation were available.