The pronaos was entered through a _portico_. When the latter was composed of columns, set between the prolonged sides of the cella, the type of plan was called _in antis_. When the side-walls were not prolonged, but terminated in pilasters, known as _antiæ_, and the supporting members of the front façade were solely columns, the type was called _prostylar_ or _prostyle_. If, under the same conditions the portico was repeated at the rear, the type was called _amphi-prostylar_ or _amphi-prostyle_. If the whole were surrounded by a colonnade or _peristyle_ the type was _peripteral_; while if a second row of columns were added on each side, as in the great =Temple= of the =Olympian Zeus=, erected in Athens during the Roman occupation, the type was _dipteral_. The external aisle, formed by the colonnade on each side was known as the _pteroma_. Where there was no peristyle, but columns, known as false or engaged, were built into the wall of the cella, the type was _pseudo-peripteral_. There are also to be mentioned the octagonal plan, as seen in the =Tower of the Winds= in =Athens=; the circular peripteral plan of the =Tholos= at =Epidauros= and the examples of irregular planning presented by the =Erechtheion= and =Propylæa=. The type was further distinguished by the number of columns--four, six, eight, or ten--composing the portico, as, respectively, tetrastyle, hexastyle, octostyle, and decastyle. Thus the =Parthenon= is _octostyle peripteral_; Temple of =Poseidon=, =Paestum=, hexastyle peripetral; of =Jupiter Olympios=, =Atucus=, _octostyle dipteral_; of =Apollo=, =Bassæ=, _in antis_. =Temple Form.=--The cella, or chamber for the god, was built originally of wood; later of sunburnt bricks on a lower course of stonework, the whole being coated with a thin layer of stucco, as is found to have been the practice also in later Doric temples in Sicily and Italy, where the material was soft stone. To protect it from the damp of the ground as well as to dignify it, the cella was raised on a platform, approached by steps. On the top of the walls was laid a framework of timber sills, crossed by transverse beams, on which stood posts to hold the ridge-piece, from which the rafters sloped to the sills, so that the roof which was of wood, covered with sunburnt brick and later by tiles, formed eaves to protect the cella from the roof-rain. The next step to add dignity to the entrance would be to prolong the gable end in front and support it by posts, so as to form a porch or portico. At first the weight of this might be chiefly carried by an extension of the side walls. Then a superior effect of lightness and dignity would be given to the portico by omitting the support of the sides and substituting posts; while, for further embellishment, a similar portico might be extended from the rear of the cella.