Air Holes, i, 298-9, 374, v, 224 Air Jets, v, 135-6 Airlifts, iv, 130, v, 114-15 Air Locks, v, 118-19, 124 Air Pumps, iv, 126-7 Airships, in forest service, i, 49; future landing places, 43; future uses in transportation, 42-3; high altitude effects, 303; history of development, 40-1; possibilities of, iv, 107-8 (see also Dirigible Balloons, Zeppelins) Air Springs, v, 126-38 Air Waves, i, 294 (fig.), 298 Akeley, Carl E., v, 136 Alabama, aluminum production, iii, 369; chalk deposits, 216; coal beds, 199; iron production, 358-9; soil of, xiv, 218 Alabaster, iii, 331, 332, viii, 149 Alaska, animals of, xii, 318, 319, 320, 337; auks of, 265; blackfish of, 163; coal fields, iii, 348; coast changes, earthquake of 1899, 97, xiv, 34, 114, 334-5; coast formations, iii, 57; fiord coasts, xiv, 258, 259; glaciers, iii, 59, 60, 62, xiv, 55, 60; gold production, iii, 366, 367; ice age in, 239 Albania, story of unchangeableness, v, 251 Albategnius, ii, 38 Albatross, xii, 251-2 Albe, E. Fournier d', v, 332 Albucasius of El-Zahra, x, 32 Albumens (see Proteins) Albuminuria, x, 345-6 Alcmæon, Greek anatomist, xvi, 82-3 Alcohol, (ethyl or grain), viii, 212, 213-14; boiling point, iv, 168; cooling by, 174; conversion to acetic acid, viii, 218; denatured, 250; flame of, 60; formula of, 218; freezing point of water lowered by, 299-300; frozen, v, 345; frozen in liquid air, i, 31; future motor fuel, viii, 209; manufacture, 250; per cent in distilled beverages, 250; physiological effects, ix, 94, 214, 244, 248-9, 320-1; production by fermentation, viii, 213-14, 248-50, ix, 248, x, 138; solvent properties, viii, 217; specific gravity of, iv, 112; (see also Alcohols) Alcoholic Drinks, viii, 249-50; arterial elasticity impaired by, ix, 214; food value, viii, 366, ix, 248-9; in tropics, xv, 126-7; stomach absorption increased by, ix, 244; warmth produced by, 94, 320-1 Alcoholic Fermentation, viii, 248-9; in body, ix, 248-9; Pasteur's studies, x, 138 Alcoholometer, iv, 113 Alcohols, viii, 212-14, 373; boiling points, 299; double & triple, 215; in esters, 221; molecular complexity & physical state, 298; in plants, 349; relation to ethers, aldehydes & acids, 216-18, 219; solubility, 37, 112 Aldebaran, angular diameter, ii, 151; Arabic name, 39; chemical composition, 114-15; color, 297; gaseous state, 382 Aldehydes, viii, 218, 219, 373; in sugars, 225 Alder Flies, xii, 106 Alder Trees, xiii, 193, 271-2 Aleutian Islands, blue foxes of, xii, 344; former connections, xiii, 351; volcanic nature, iii, 106, 139, xiv, 315, 316 Alexander of Tralles, x, 31, 59 Alexanderson Generators, vii, 274-5, 290-1 Alexines, of blood, x, 210-11