How to Visit the English CathedralsSingleton, Esther
History
How to Visit the English Cathedrals
Singleton, Esther
Cathedrals -- England
“As the last cathedral church we visited, namely Salisbury, may be
taken as the most complete example of Early English work, so Exeter
in its present state is the best specimen of the Decorated style
that is to be met with in England. For though, unlike Salisbury, it
was not built afresh from the ground, yet under Bishops Quivil,
Bitton, Stapledon and Grandisson, between the years 1280 and 1369,
the fabric was so entirely remodelled that it may be regarded as
practically a new building; and since the work of remodelling began
about the time that the Early English style was passing into the
Decorated, and was completed before the time when the Perpendicular
had superseded the Decorated, it naturally is characterised by the
features of that style which flourished during the first half of
the Fourteenth Century. Much indeed of the work found at Exeter is
the very finest that the Fourteenth Century produced.”--(T. P.)
As early as the reign of Athelstan a Benedictine monastery, dedicated to
St. Peter, existed at Crediton and was much injured by the Northmen in
the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries. When the Sees for Devon and Cornwall
were removed from Crediton to Exeter in 1050, the old church of St.
Peter was chosen for the new Cathedral. Of the Saxon church, however,
nothing remains. William Warelwast (1107-1136), the third bishop after
the Conquest, began the new church about 1112, in the “marvellous and
sumptuous” architecture of the Normans. During its erection it suffered
from fire when Stephen besieged Exeter in 1136. Of this building the two
transept towers remain. Bishop Peter Quivil built the greater part of
the present Cathedral before 1291; Bishop Stapledon, who was murdered by
the Londoners at the “great cross in Chepe” in 1326, the eastern part of
the Choir, the sedilia and the choir-screen; Bishop Grandisson finished
the Nave about 1350 and the west front, in all probability, a little
later; and Bishop Brantingham, the Cloisters. The Lady-Chapel was built
during the episcopates of Bronescomb and Quivil, and the chapels of St.
Mary Magdalene and of St. Gabriel the Archangel, north and south of the
Lady-Chapel, are the work of Bishop Bronescomb.
Many of the ancient decorations and arrangements were either removed, or
defaced, by Queen Elizabeth’s “visitors,” who, in 1559, were appointed
to compel the general observance of the Protestant formularies. During
the Commonwealth the Cathedral was divided into two portions by a brick
wall so that an Independent preacher named Stuckeley, one of Cromwell’s
chaplains, could preach in “West Peter’s,” and a Presbyterian, named
Ford, in the Choir, or “East Peter’s,” as the Puritans now named these
portions of the Cathedral.
The finest view is perhaps from Waddlesdown, about four miles from
Exeter. Taking a view of the exterior,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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