Human nature and the social orderCooley, Charles Horton
Science
Human nature and the social order
Cooley, Charles Horton
Individualism; Social psychology; Sociology
This is forcibly expressed in a brief but admirable study of antipathy
by Sophie Bryant. Though the antipathy she describes is of a peculiarly
subtle kind, it is plain that the same sort of analysis may be applied
to any form of imaginative hostility.
“A is drawn out toward B to feel what he feels. If the new feeling
harmonizes, distinctly or obscurely, with the whole system of A’s
consciousness—or the part then identified with his will—there follows
that joyful expansion of self beyond self which is sympathy. But if
not—if the new feeling is out of keeping with the system of A’s
will—tends to upset the system, and brings discord into it—there follows
the reaction of the whole against the hostile part which, transferred to
its cause in B, pushes out B’s state, as the antithesis of self, yet
threatening self, and offensive.” Antipathy, she says, “is full of
horrid thrill.” “The peculiar horror of the antipathy springs from the
unwilling response to the state abhorred. We feel ourselves actually
like the other person, selfishly vain, cruelly masterful, artfully
affected, insincere, ungenial, and so on.”... “There is some affinity
between those who antipathize.”[66] And with similar meaning Thoreau
remarks that “you cannot receive a shock unless you have an electric
affinity for that which shocks you,” and that “He who receives an injury
is to some extent an accomplice of the wrong-doer.”[67]
Thus the cause of hostility is imaginative or sympathetic, an inimical
idea attributed to another mind. We cannot feel this way toward that
which is totally unlike us, because the totally unlike is unimaginable,
has no interest for us. This, like all social feeling, requires a union
of likeness with difference.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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