Human nature and the social orderCooley, Charles Horton
Science
Human nature and the social order
Cooley, Charles Horton
Individualism; Social psychology; Sociology
As hero-worship becomes more imaginative, it merges insensibly into that
devotion to ideal persons that is called religious. It has often been
pointed out that the feeling men have toward a visible leader and master
like Lincoln, Lee, Napoleon, or Garibaldi, is psychologically much the
same thing as the worship of the ideal persons of religion. Hero-worship
is a kind of religion, and religion, in so far as it conceives persons,
is a kind of hero-worship. Both are expressions of that intrinsically
social or communicative nature of human thought and sentiment which was
insisted upon in a previous chapter. That the personality toward which
the feeling is directed is ideal evidently affords no fundamental
distinction. All persons are ideal, in a true sense, and those whom we
admire and reverence are peculiarly so. That is to say, the idea of a
person, whether his body be present to our senses or not, is
imaginative, a synthesis, an interpretation of many elements, resting
upon our whole experience of human life, not merely upon our
acquaintance with this particular person; and the more our admiration
and reverence are awakened the more actively ideal and imaginative does
our conception of the person become. Of course we never _see_ a person;
we see a few visible traits which stimulate our imaginations to the
construction of a personal idea in the mind. The ideal persons of
religion are not fundamentally different, psychologically or
sociologically, from other persons; they are personal ideas built up in
the mind out of the material at its disposal, and serving to appease its
need for a sort of intercourse that will give scope to reverence,
submission, trust, and self-expanding enthusiasm. So far as they are
present to thought and emotion, and so work upon life, they are real,
with that immediate social reality discussed in the third chapter. The
fact that they have attached to them no visible or tangible material
body, similar to that of other persons, is indeed an important fact, but
rather of physiological than of psychological or social interest.
Perhaps it is not going too far to say that the idea of God is
_specially_ mysterious only from a physiological point of view; mentally
and socially regarded it is of one sort with other personal ideas, no
less a verifiable fact, and no more or less inscrutable. It must be
obvious to anyone who reflects upon the matter, I should think, that our
conceptions of personality, from the simple and sensuous notions a
little child has of those about him, up to the noblest and fullest idea
of deity that man can achieve, are one in kind, as being imaginative
interpretations of experience, and form a series in which there are no
breaks, no gap between human and divine. All is human, and all, if you
please, divine.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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