Human Traits and their Social SignificanceEdman, Irwin
Philosophy
Human Traits and their Social Significance
Edman, Irwin
Social psychology
When the life of man lay foul to see and grovelling upon the earth,
crushed by the weight of religion, which showed her face from the
realms of heaven, lowering upon mortals with dreadful mien, 't was
a man of Greece who dared first to raise his mortal eyes to meet her,
and first to stand forth to meet her; him neither the stories of the
gods nor thunderbolts checked, nor the sky with its revengeful roar,
but all the more spurred the eager daring of his mind to yearn to
be the first to burst through the close-set bolts upon the doors of
nature.[1]
[Footnote 1: Lucretius: _De Rerum Natura_, book I; lines 28-38.]
Primitive man feared the gods as much as he needed them.
Jane Harrison points out, for example, that as great a part of
Greek religion was given over to the exorcising of the evil and
jealous spirits of the underworld, as in friendly communion
with the beautiful and gracious Olympians.
But what appears in the ignorant and harassed savage as
fear may be transformed in civilized man into awe. Long
after man's crouching physical terror of the divine has passed
away, he may still live awed by the ultimate power that orders
the universe. He may, "at twilight, or in a mountain gorge,"
at a canon or waterfall, experience an involuntary thrill and
breathlessness, a deepened sense of the divinity which so
orders these things. He may have the same feeling at the
crises of life, at birth, disease, and death. He may sense on
occasion that overwhelming and infinite power of which Job
becomes aware, as he listens to the voice out of the whirlwind:
Who hath divided a water course for the overflowing of waters, or a
way for the lightning of thunder?
To cause it to rain on the earth, where no man is; on the wilderness,
wherein there is no man;
To satisfy the desolate and waste ground; and to cause the bud of the
tender herb to spring forth? ...
Canst thou bind the sweet influences of the Pleiades, or loose the
bands of Orion? ...
Knowest thou the ordinances of Heaven? Canst thou set the
dominion thereof in the earth? ...
Canst thou send lightnings, that they may go and say unto thee,
Here we are?
Who hath put wisdom in the inward parts? Or who hath given
understanding to the heart?
Where man experiences such awe, he will become reverential,
and, if articulate, will express his reverence in prayer,
again not the prayer of practical requests for favors from God,
but a hushed meditation upon the assured eternity in which
the precarious and finite lives of men are set.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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