Economic development -- Social aspects; Social evolution; Social problems; Work
Man receives stimulus from a thousand sources. Since we made mental
impressions permanent and exchangeable “in book form,” knowledge and
emotion bottled, preserved, and distributed broadcast; there is
practically no limit to human stimuli; and, since with this increasing
stimulus we have steadily reduced the difficulties of execution, our
real problem is, how to provide right outlets for the productive energy
of humanity. This normal increase of power and execution we have managed
to check, however, quite materially. We have gravely interfered with the
natural distribution of stimulus up to the present time; but now our
rapid multiplication of free school and free library, with similar
tendencies in other educational and recreative lines, is producing its
natural result in increased energy.
Even with what stimulus was open to us, our production should have been
very great; but we have interfered with that also, in more ways than
one. The principal obstacle here is the basic error of the Want theory.
Holding that man works only to satisfy desire,—_i. e._, produces merely
to consume,—we prostitute our share of the social energy to a factitious
personal advantage; and try to govern the productive processes of
society by the dictates of self-interest. Here you have a factory in
which a hundred men turn out ten hundred pairs of shoes a day. What for?
Why, for the feet of ten hundred people, of course—to shoe the world.
“Not so,” they protest. “We are making these shoes for ourselves.” “But
you cannot wear ten pairs of shoes a day, my man!” “No, but I only do
this work for the pay—and I can easily consume the pay for ten pair of
shoes a day.”
This poor man never understands his position as a social functionary
with all its honour and pleasure. The Ego concept and the Want theory
becloud his mind. Even his personal pride in his personal work has
lowered since the machine made his work collective, and his mind failed
to keep pace with the machine, and make his joy and pride collective
too. His pleasure is only in what he gets back from society in return
for his labours, and he gets very little. As part of this same ancient
misconception of what work is, we find the incredibly multiplied
machinery of production “owned” by individuals; and manipulated by them
under the same befogging ideas that lead the workman to “limit his
output.”
Never were any of the gross and childish superstitions of remotest
savagery more injurious—or more ridiculous—than these rudimentary errors
under which our economic development so blindly labours. We have our
alleged “overproduction” on the one hand—though a full supply of the
good things of life is obtained by scarce one-tenth of the population of
the world; and we have the ensuing and even more colossal absurdity of
the restricted output—whether of the man who stints his day’s labour, or
the group of financiers who “corner” some social product, and say how
much the world shall have.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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