Hungarian literature : $b An historical & critical surveyReich, Emil
History
Hungarian literature : $b An historical & critical survey
Reich, Emil
Hungarian literature -- History and criticism
In 1845, Eötvös published another great novel: “The Village Notary”
(“_A falu jegyzője_”). It was meant to be a scathing satire on the
corruption, backwardness and general administrative misery of public
county life in Hungary. Eötvös, whose conceptions of the state and its
organs were formed largely after the models of German, Austrian and
French organizations, was deeply convinced of the utter insufficiency
of that local selfgovernment, which in Hungary had nearly always been
one of greater independence than that even of England. In Hungary all
the leading and influential officials in the counties were elective, and
from among the noble class of the county only. Being more than underpaid,
they frequently abused their power, and contrived to secure a relatively
large income by means of exactions and terrorizations of all kinds. The
typical figure of these squires was the _szolgabiró_, or under-sheriff,
as he may be termed, if with inaccuracy, who presided over nearly all the
public affairs of one of the districts into which counties are divided.
His administration was frequently carried on pasha fashion indeed; and
the poorer classes were much at his mercy. Eötvös, who thought that the
strongly centralized and systematized organization of French or German
local governments was undoubtedly much superior to the system obtaining
in Hungary, published his novel with the intention of bringing about a
change in public opinion, and so finally a change in the county-system
itself. To the immense benefits accruing to the Hungarians as a nation
through the very system of local selfgovernment which Eötvös so cruelly
exposed, he was insensible. That county-life, in spite of all its crying
abuses, was the only and indispensable preliminary schooling for the
functions of government in council or parliament; that these rough
and uncultured county-gentry in Hungary, as well as their brethren in
England, were far better fitted for some of the most important tasks of
government and politics than the most methodic and punctual official
in French or German local offices, to all that Eötvös paid no serious
attention. His warm-hearted love of Equality and Right made him boil over
at the sight of many an injustice—at the hands of men whose inferiority
in point of knowledge and western culture rendered them easy objects
of contempt to one who gauged all political greatness by the standard
of France or Germany. Eötvös, the politician, entertained of course
the same ideas about the value of the old Hungarian county-system, as
did Eötvös the novelist. He was a “centralist”; and the number of his
followers has been very great to the present day. They still maintain
that even the present remnants of the old county-system in Hungary are
very injurious to the Magyar state; and that nothing short of a total
overhauling, or—to talk plainly—abolition of that system, and the
introduction of French centralization in its lieu can save the kingdom
of St. Stephen.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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