l. 711. "Perhaps the Gnomic verse which tells of Thyrs, the giant, is written with Grendel in the writer's mind,--þyrs sceal on fenne gewunian âna inuan lande, _the giant shall dwell in the fen, alone in the land_ (Sweet's Read., p. 187)."--Br. p. 36. l. 717. Dietrich, in _Haupt._ xi. 419, quotes from Ælfric, _Hom._ ii. 498: hê beworhte þâ bigelsas mid gyldenum læfrum, _he covered the arches with gold-leaf_,--a Roman custom derived from Carthage. Cf. Mod. Eng. _oriel_ = _aureolum_, a gilded room.--E. (quoting Skeat). Cf. ll. 2257, 1097, 2247, 2103, 2702, 2283, 333, 1751, for various uses of gold-sheets. l. 720. B. and ten Br. suggest _hell-thane_ (Grendel) for heal-þegnas, and make häle refer to Beowulf. Cf. l. 142. l. 723. Z. reads [ge]hrân. l. 727. For this use of standan, cf. ll. 2314, 2770; and Vergil, _Ecl._ ii. 26: "Cum placidum ventis _staret_ mare." l. 757. gedräg. _Tumult_ is one of the meanings of this word. Here, appar. = _occupation, lair_. l. 759. R. reads môdega for gôda, "because the attribute cannot be separated from the word modified unless the two alliterate." l. 762. Cf. _Andreas_, l. 1537, for a similar use of ût = _off_.--E. l. 769. The foreign words in _Beówulf_ (as ceaster-here) are not numerous; others are (aside from proper names like _Cain, Abel_, etc.) deófol (diabolus), candel (l. 1573), ancor (l. 303), scrîfan (for- ge-), segn (l. 47), gigant (l. 113), mîl- (l. 1363), stræt (l. 320), ombeht (l. 287), gim (l. 2073), etc. l. 770. MS. reads cerwen, a word conceived by B. and others to be part of a fem. compd.: -scerwen like -wenden in ed-wenden, -ræden, etc. (cf. meodu-scerpen in _Andreas_, l. 1528); emended to -scerwen, _a great scare under the figure of a mishap at a drinking-bout_; one might compare bescerwan, _to deprive_, from bescyrian (Grein, i. 93), hence ealu-scerwen would = _a sudden taking away, deprivation, of the beer_.--H.-So., p. 93. See B., _Tidskr_. viii. 292. l. 771. Ten Br. reads rêðe, rênhearde, = _raging, exceeding bold_. l. 792. Instrumental adverbial phrases like ænige þinga, nænige þinga (_not at all_), hûru þinga (_especially_) are not infrequent. See Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 178; March, _A.-S. Gram._, p. 182. l. 811. myrðe. E. translates _in wanton mood_. Toller-Bosw. does not recognize _sorrow_ as one of the meanings of this word. ll. 850, 851. S. reads deóp for deóg and erases semicolon after weól, = _the death-stained deep welled with sword-gore_; cf. l. 1424. B. reads deáð-fæges deóp, etc., = _the deep welled with the doomed one's gore_.--_Beit._ xii. 89. l. 857. The meaning of blaneum is partly explained by fealwe mearas below, l. 866. Cf. Layamon's "and leop on his _blancke" = steed_, l. 23900; Kent's _Elene_, l. 1185. l. 859. Körner, _Eng. Stud_. i. 482, regards the oft-recurring be sæm tweónum as a mere formula = _on earth_; cf. ll. 1298, 1686. tweóne is part of the separable prep. _between_; see be-. Cf. Baskerville's _Andreas_, l. 558.