l. 2402. "Twelfsome"; cf. "fifteensome" at l. 207, etc. As _Beówulf_ is essentially _the_ Epic of Philanthropy, of the true love of man, as distinguished from the ordinary love-epic, the number twelve in this passage may be reminiscent of another Friend of Man and another Twelve. In each case all but one desert the hero. l. 2437. R. proposes stýred, = _ordered, decreed_, for strêd.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 409. l. 2439. B. corrects to freó-wine = _noble friend_, asking, "How can Herebeald be called Hæðcyn's freá-wine [MS.], _lord?_" l. 2442. feohleás gefeoht, "a homicide which cannot be atoned for by money--in this case an unintentional fratricide."--Sw. l. 2445. See Ha., pp. 82, 83, for a discussion of ll. 2445-2463. Cf. G., p. 75. l. 2447. MS. reads wrece, justified by B. (_Tidskr_. viii. 56). W. conceives wrece as optative or hortative, and places a colon before þonne. l. 2449. For helpan read helpe.--K., Th., S. (_Zeitschr. f. D. Phil._ xxi. 3, 357). ll. 2454-2455. (1) Müllenh. (_Haupts Zeitschr._ xiv. 232) proposes: þonne se ân hafað þurh dæda nýd deáðes gefandod. (2) B. proposes: þurh dæda nîð deáðes gefondad. --_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 215. l. 2458. Cf. sceótend, pl., ll. 704, 1155, like rîdend. Cf. _Judith_, l. 305, etc. l. 2474. Th. considers the "wide water" here as the Mälar lake, the boundary between Swedes and Goths. l. 2477. On oþþe = _and_, cf. B., _Tidskr_. viii. 57. See Ha., p. 83. l. 2489. B. proposes hreá-blâc for Gr.'s heoro-.--_Tikskr_. viii. 297. l. 2494. S. suggests êðel-wynne. l. 2502. E. translates for dugeðum, _of my prowess_; so Ettmüller. ll. 2520-2522. Gr. and S. translate, "if I knew how else I might combat the monster's boastfulness."--Ha., p. 85. l. 2524. and-hâttres is H.'s invention. Gr. reads oreðes and âttres, _blast and venom_. Cf. oruð, l. 2558, and l. 2840 (where âttor- also occurs). l. 2526. E. quotes fleón fôtes trym from _Maldon_, l. 247. l. 2546. Gr., H.-So., and Ho. read standan stân-bogan (for stôd on stân-bogan) depending on geseah. l. 2550. Grundt. and B. propose deór, _brave one_, i.e. Beowulf, for deóp. L. 2565. MS. has ungleaw (K., Th.), unglaw (Grundt.). B. proposes unslâw, = _sharp_.--_Beit._ xii. 104. So H.-So., Ha., p. 86. ll. 2570, 2571. (1) May not gescîfe (MS. to gscipe) = German _schief_, "crooked," "bent," "aslant," and hence be a parallel to gebogen, _bent, coiled?_ cf. l. 2568, þâ se wyrm gebeáh snûde tôsomne, and l. 2828. Coiled serpents spring more powerfully for the coiling. (2) Or perhaps destroy comma after tô and read gescäpe, = _his fate_; cf. l. 26: him þâ Scyld gewât tô gescäp-hwîle. G. appar. adopts this reading, p. 78. l. 2589. grund-wong = _the field_, not _the earth_ (so B.); H.-So., _cave_, as at l. 2771. So Ha., p. 87. l. 2595. S. proposes colon after stefne.--_Beit._ ix. 141. l. 2604. Müllenh. explains leód Scylfinga in _Anzeiger f. d. Altert._ iii. 176-178.