The mycorrhizal formers in these conditions include species of _Russula_ (e.g. _Russula alpina_ Möller & Schaeffer, _R. xerampelina_ var. _pascua_ Favre (see p. 45)), _Lactarius_ (e.g. _Lactarius lacunarum_ Hora see p. 50), _Cortinarius_ (e.g. _C. anomalus_ (Fries) Fries see p. 42) and _Amanita_ (e.g. _Amanita nivalis_ Greville see p. 56). Subterranean fungi are also found, e.g. _Elaphomyces_ see p. 244, and, just as woodlands, valley bottoms have a saprophytic ground flora of toadstools so do the high mountain ‘woods’, and many familiar fungi of the lowerland areas are to be found there also, e.g. _Mycena epipterygia_ (Fries) S. F. Gray, _Mycena olivaceo-marginata_ (Massee) Massee (see p. 88.) The barer tops of the mountains, where large areas of moss are only to be found, support species of _Hygrocybe_, e.g. _H. lilacina_ (Laestadius) Moser and _H. subviolacea_ (Peck) P. D. Orton & Watling (see p. 97). In the moist atmosphere on the hills in western Scotland, woodland-like floras containing familiar flowering plants are found on the mountain sides often much higher than in central Scotland. It is in such communities that typical woodland fungi are also to be found, e.g. _Nolanea cetrata_ (Fries) Kummer (see p. 101). (vii) Sand-dune fungi ~Inocybe dunensis~ P. D. Orton _Cap_: width 27-75 mm. _Stem_: width 4-10 mm; length 35-80 mm. _Description_: Cap: convex then expanded, usually broadly umbonate, pale or dirty ochraceous paler at the margin, reddish brown at the centre, smooth, radially fibrillose towards the margin and sometimes showing the remains of a pale greyish buff veil. Stem: equal with marginate or rounded bulb at the base, white or whitish, then becoming discoloured pinkish or brownish, powdered with white, at first, but finally silky. Gills: free or narrowly adnate, subcrowded, whitish then clay-buff, finally snuff-brown with whitish edge. Flesh: white or whitish, tinted ochraceous or dirty pinkish and with strong smell of rancid oil. Spore-print: snuff-brown. Spores: medium to long, ellipsoid-oblong, indistinctly nodulose or wavy-angular and 9-12 × 6-7 µm in size. Facial cystidia: swollen, spindle-shaped with short, broad neck, thick-walled and crested with crystals. Marginal cystidia: spindle-shaped and crested with crystals.