In some wet seasons the orange and green coloured _Lactarius deliciosus_ (Fries) S. F. Gray is to be found contorted and covered in small pinkish to lilac pimples of the ascomycete _Byssonectria lactaria_ (Fries) Petch, and other species of _Lactarius_ are attacked by _Byssonectria viridis_ (Berkeley & Broome) Petch which converts the fruit-bodies into a hardened mass of green tissue. In North America, species of _Lactarius_ are frequently attacked by _Hypomyces lactifluorum_ (Schweintz) Tulasne and the whole fungus is reduced to a contorted acidic-smelling mass of fungal tissue with vivid orange pimples or warts on the outer surface. These parasitic fruit-bodies are eaten as a delicacy in their own right whereas the same consumer will be less enthusiastic about eating the same agaric before it is so deformed. Boletes particularly _B. subtomentosus_ Fries, _B. chrysenteron_ St Amans and _B. edulis_ Fries are frequently converted into yellow powdery masses due to the production of asexual spores of the fungus _Sepedonium chrysospermum_ Fries; the sexual stage occurs on the remains after they have collapsed into the soil surface--this stage is called _Apiocrea chrysosperma_ (Tulasne) Sydow. Several closely related fungi in the genus _Hypomyces_ also attack agarics. The yellow pustules found on the spore-bearing surface of the birch polypore _Piptoporus_ (p. 142) is _Hypocrea pulvinata_ Fuckel; it is only one of several lower fungi which grow on bracket fungi. The genus _Cordyceps_ has been mentioned previously (p. 206) and in the discussion it was indicated that certain hypogeous fungi are attacked by members of this genus. White gelatinous pustules found amongst the fruit-bodies of _Stereum sanguinolentum_ (p. 176) have a hard white centre. On examination these ‘nuclei’ are aborted structures of the stereum covered in the jelly-fungus _Tremella encephala_ Persoon. This fungus is apparently parasitic; it is closely related to _Tremella foliacea_ and _T. mesenterica_ described on page 184. G. APPENDIX (i) Species list of specialised habitats _INTRODUCTION_ Although some fungi prefer one type of woodland more than another many fungi are less specialised and may be found in all kinds of woods. Indeed many fungi which we usually associate with a woodland fungus flora can also be commonly seen in pastures and gardens, e.g. _Laccaria laccata_ (Fries) Cooke, _Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca_ (Fries) Maire.