_General Information_: _Tremella foliacea_ (S. F. Gray) Persoon and _Tremella mesenterica_ Hooker are similar but more convoluted with leaf-like lobes. The former is cinnamon brown and occurs on conifer wood and its spores are 7-9 × 5-7 µm, whilst the latter is bright golden yellow or orange-yellow and occurs on broad-leaved trees. _T. mesenterica_ has spores 7-8 × 5-6 µm, often accompanied or replaced by small, asexually produced spores. Glandulosa--means full of glands and refers to the glands of the upper surface of the Witch’s butter. The convoluted fruit-body of the _Tremella_ spp. is reflected in the word foliacea--leafy, and mesenterica--middle intestine. The last species is also often called the ‘Yellow brain-fungus’. _Illustrations_: _Exidia glandulosa_--LH 225; NB 149⁴; WD 107³. _Tremella mesenterica_--LH 225; NB 149⁵; WD 107⁶. [Illustration: Plate 61. Jelly fungi] D. THE STOMACH FUNGI The Gasteromycetes are a complex mixture of higher fungi united in virtue of their spores being enclosed in a fruit-body and not forcibly ejected from the basidium; the group includes the puff-balls and their relatives. _Key to some groups_ 1. Fruit-body growing beneath the surface of the soil (hypogeous) False truffles (including _Hymenogaster_, _Rhizopogon_) Fruit-body not growing beneath the soil-surface 2 2. Spores in a slimy mass on a specialised fruit-body arising from an egg-like structure Stinkhorns (_Phallus_ & _Mutinus_) Spores powdery at maturity or in small capsules 3 3. Spores powdery at maturity and contained within the fruit-body 4 Spores enclosed in a small capsule or group of capsules in a cup-like structure, resembling the eggs within the nest of a bird Bird’s nest fungi (including _Crucibulum_ & _Cyathus_) 4. Spores intermixed with threads within the fruit-body from which they are dispersed through a specialised pore at its apex Puff-balls and Earth-stars (_Lycoperdon_ & _Geastrum_) Spores not mixed with threads within the fruit-body and not dispersed through special structure but through cracks as the fruit-body weathers Earth-Balls (_Scleroderma_) The Gasteromycetes is an unnatural group of predominantly saprophytic higher fungi many of which are extremely grotesque and strange in their morphology. Instead of the spores being formed asymmetrically on the basidium as is found in the agarics, the spores of members of this group are usually more or less symmetrically attached to their sterigmata or may even be seated directly (sessile) on the basidium. The whole group, even if unnatural, can, however, be regarded under one heading as a biological unit. Until something better is suggested and supported by evidence the existence of this group is very convenient.