Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9)Martineau, Harriet
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Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9)
Martineau, Harriet
Didactic fiction, English; Political fiction, English; Social problems -- Fiction
It was accordingly given, all in order, when the last carriage had
driven off, the next morning, and Henry and Letitia shut themselves into
the library, to enjoy the uninterruptedness of the first fall of snow.
This was no day for the approach of deputations, for the visits of
clergyman, lawyer, lady callers, gentleman loungers, or even petitioners
from the village. The guests had been urged to stay for finer weather;
but, as peremptory in their plans as people of real business, provided
change of place is the object, they could on no account delay an hour;
and, to be sure, the snow signified little to any but the postilions and
the horses.
“Well, now, the speech, the speech!” cried Letitia.
“I told the people that nobody doubts that changes are wanted, in order
to remedy the evils so large a portion of society is justly complaining
of; and that the thing needed is a wider agreement as to what those
changes must be, and therefore a sounder and more general knowledge of
the causes of existing evils. I led them, as an instance, into the
consideration of the common complaint of low profits and low wages, and
showed them, I hope, that proportional wages are much higher at present
than some complainers suppose; the fact being lost sight of from the
enormous increase of those among whom the wages-fund is divided. However
little each labourer may, from this cause, obtain for his own share, the
division of produce between capitalist and labourer,—that is, the
proportion of profits and wages, is more equable than is supposed by
capitalists who complain of their low profits, and labourers of their
low wages. Neither of them will gain by demanding a larger share of the
other, which neither can afford. They must look elsewhere for a remedy;
and I directed them where to look by giving them the example of Holland
and its commercial vicissitudes.”
“Rich to overflowing in the fifteenth century; since, well nigh ruined.
How was this? From too much capital leaving the country?”
“From the causes which led to such transfer of capital. While Holland
was accumulating its wealth, profits were first high, and then gradually
lowered in proportion to wages, though still increasing in total amount.
It was not till heavy taxation reduced the rate of profits below that of
other countries....”
“But does not taxation affect wages too?”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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