Younger female. Entire plumage above and below, brownish-black; throat white; many feathers on the under parts with edgings and circular spots of white; under wing-coverts also with circular spots of white, and the under tail-coverts with wide transverse stripes of the same. Young male? Frontal band nearly obsolete; entire upper parts uniform pale brown, with narrow rufous stripes on the head; under parts white, with a tinge of fulvous, and nearly every feather with a narrow longitudinal stripe of blackish-brown; large spaces on the flanks, brown; tarsi and feet, lead-colored. Hab. Oregon and California. Spec. in Nat. Mus., Washington; and Mus. Acad., Philada. Obs. This is the only American Falcon yet discovered, which belongs to the group forming the sub-genus _Gennaia_, Kaup., which contains _Falco laniarius_, Linn., (Gould, B. of Eur., I. pl 20); _Falco biarmiaus_, Temm., (Pl. col., 324); _Falco jugger_, Gray, and several other species. It especially resembles the last, but is larger, and we are at present of opinion that the young of the two species differ in the colors of their plumage. PIPILO FUSCA.—Swainson. The Cañon Finch. PLATE XVII.—Adult Male. This plain-plumaged and sober-looking bird is another of the feathered inhabitants of the mountainous wilds of California and New Mexico. Numerous specimens have been brought in the various collections which have been made in those countries, and it may be regarded as one of the most abundant of the peculiar species of Western America. It was first described, however, by Mr. Swainson, from Mexican specimens. Our friend, T. Charlton Henry, M. D., of the United States Army, a zealous and talented young naturalist, who has been for some years in New Mexico, has noticed this bird at all seasons in that country. For much valuable and satisfactory information relating to the birds to be included in the present work, we are indebted to this gentleman, amongst whose notes in our possession we find the following, relating to the species now before the reader:— “This bird is common in New Mexico during both summer and winter, and so far as I have observed, lives almost entirely in the mountains. It is very retiring in its habits, and seems to prefer the cañons; indeed, I have seldom observed it far from some shady gorge, where, like its relative of the Eastern States, the Towhe-Bunting (_Pipilo erythropthalma_), it passes the greater part of its time on the ground, and is generally accompanied by its congener, the Arctic Ground Finch (_Pipilo arctica_). When disturbed, it seeks the thickest cover, though it is by no means shy nor difficult to approach. Its nest is usually constructed in the thick branches of a cedar or dwarf oak, and I am not aware of its producing more than a single brood in a season.