Illustrations of the Birds of California, Texas, Oregon, British and Russian AmericaCassin, John
Science
Illustrations of the Birds of California, Texas, Oregon, British and Russian America
Cassin, John
Birds -- North America
General characters similar to the last genus, but with the shafts of the
tail-feathers prolonged beyond the webs, and forming strong thorn-like
points; tarsi and toes naked; bill small, curved, wide at base; wings
long; tail usually short; legs short, rather slender; claws curved,
strong; general form plump and robust. Of this genus there are about
fifteen species, two only of which are known to inhabit the United
States, though several are natives of South America. Like the birds of
the preceding genus, they possess great rapidity of flight, and live in
similar situations.
1. Acanthylis pelasgia. (Linn.) The Chimney Bird. The American Swift.
Hirundo pelasgia. Linn., Syst. Nat. I. p. 345. (1766.)
Hirundo cerdo. Bartram, Trav., p. 292. (1791.) Barton, Frag., p.
18.
“Cypselus acutus. Temm., Mus. Lugd.” Bonap., Consp. Av., p. 64.
Vieill., Ois. d’Am., Sept. 1, pl. 33; Wilson, Am. Orn., V. pl. 39,
fig. 1; Aud., B. of Am., pl. 58, Oct. ed., I. pl. 44; Nat. Hist. N. Y.
Birds, pl. 27, fig. 58.
Wings very long, extending beyond the tail, flattened, somewhat
falcate; shafts of primaries rigid; tail short; exserted spines sharp,
elastic; tarsi and toes naked; entire plumage above and below
fuliginous brown, darkest on the upper parts, and with a slight
greenish lustre on the head and back (in mature specimens), much paler
on the throat and neck before; quills dark fuliginous; tail lighter;
spot in front of the eye black, a very narrow superciliary line
ashy-white; shafts and spines of the tail-feathers black; bill and
feet dark.
Dimensions. Total length, male, from tip of bill to end of tail, 4¾ to
5 inches; wing, 5¼; tail, 1¾ inches. Female very nearly the same.
Hab. Throughout North America. Canada (Dr. Hall); Florida (Mr.
Williams); Indiana (Dr. Haymond); Indian Territory, Texas, New Mexico,
California (Dr. Woodhouse).
The Chimney bird is abundant in all the States on the Atlantic, and,
according to Dr. Woodhouse, equally so in Texas. It possesses powers of
sustaining protracted and rapid flight, perhaps not equalled by any
other bird of North America, though characteristic in some measure of
all the birds of this family. In Europe, birds of genera nearly allied
to the present have received the name of “Swifts” from this fact.
2. Acanthylis Vauxii. (Townsend.) Vaux’s Swift.
Cypselus Vauxii. Towns., Jour. Acad., Philada., VIII. p. 148.
(1839.)
Not figured.
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