Illustrations of the Birds of California, Texas, Oregon, British and Russian AmericaCassin, John
Science
Illustrations of the Birds of California, Texas, Oregon, British and Russian America
Cassin, John
Birds -- North America
“I was rather surprised to observe that this bird was not only entirely
incapable of perching, but even of standing upright like birds in
general, and as I have seen birds of this genus represented, unless by
the aid of its wings. In standing, or rather sitting, the whole of the
_tarsus_ (commonly mistaken for the leg) rests on the ground, and it
walks in the same awkward position, frequently being obliged to balance
itself with its wings. By a more powerful exertion of its wings,
however, it was enabled to run along on its toes in the same manner as
it does over the surface of the waves. The absence of a hind toe, the
nails being but slightly bent and flat, and perhaps I may add, its
evidently being unaccustomed to this description of locomotion, seemed
to be the causes of its helplessness on its feet.
“These birds have been numerous about us for some days past, and their
coursing over the water with flitting wings remind me of the actions of
butterflies about a pool. One of them was seen swimming, or at least
resting, on the surface. We have seen this species very frequently,
indeed almost daily, since leaving America, and scarcely any other
sea-birds, except in the immediate vicinity of the islands. It would
seem that it scarcely ever visits the land, except for the purposes of
incubation, and there can hardly be a better comment on its untiring
power of wing than the popular fable amongst seamen that it carries its
egg and hatches its young while sitting in the water. It does not sail
in the continued manner of the gulls and some other sea-birds, but moves
by rapidly flexing its wings something like a bat, and was continually
coursing around and in the wake of the vessel, generally in considerable
numbers, during much the greater part of the time that the Expedition
was in the Atlantic Ocean.”
The curious fact that this bird cannot stand upright we do not remember
ever before having seen noticed. Of the specimen alluded to, Dr.
Pickering gives notes of a minute and evidently very careful anatomical
examination, which the limits of our present article will not allow us
to insert. They are, however, confirmatory, in most respects, of the
account of the anatomy of this species, given by Mr. Audubon, in
Ornithological Biography, V., p. 645.
The bird before the reader in the present plate is an inhabitant of the
Northern Pacific Ocean, and is an interesting addition to the
ornithological fauna of the United States, made by the naturalists of
the Exploring Expedition, under command of Captain Charles Wilkes, to
which we have previously alluded. Though long known as a bird of the
coasts of Asiatic Russia and of Russian America, it had never before
been noticed on the more southern coast of Oregon, where it was found in
large numbers by the Expedition, and specimens then obtained are now in
the National Museum at Washington.
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