Illustrations of the Huttonian Theory of the EarthPlayfair, John
Science
Illustrations of the Huttonian Theory of the Earth
Playfair, John
Geology; Hutton, James, 1726-1797. Theory of the earth
In geology, we cannot hope to be delivered from this embarrassment in
the same manner; and we have no resource but to multiply observations
of the difference of level; to make them as exact as possible, and
to select points of comparison that have a chance of being long
distinguished. The improvements in barometrical measurements, which
give such facility to the determination of heights, along with so
considerable a degree of accuracy, will furnish an accumulation of
facts that must one day be of great value to the geologist.
NOTE XXII. § 123.
_Fossil Bones._
403. The remains of organized bodies, at present included in the solid
parts of the globe, may be divided into three classes. The first
consists of the shells, corals,-and even bodies of fish, and amphibious
animals, which are now converted into stone, and make integrant parts
of the solid rock. All these are parts of animals that existed _before
the formation of the present land_, or even of the rocks whereof it
consists. These remains have been already treated of, and the evidence
which they furnish must ever be regarded as of the utmost importance
in the theory of the earth. The second class consists of remains,
which, by the help of stalactitical concretions, are converted into
stone. These are the exuviæ of animals, which existed on the very same
continents on which we now dwell, and are no doubt the most ancient
among their inhabitants, of which any monument is preserved. In
comparison of the first class, they must, nevertheless, be considered
as of very modern origin.
404. The third class consists of the bones of animals found in the
loose earth or soil; these have not acquired a stony character, and
their nature appears to be but little changed, except by the progress
of decomposition and of mouldering into earth. No decided line can be
drawn between the antiquity of this and the preceding class, as there
may be between the preceding and the first. In some instances, the
objects of this third class may be coeval with those of the second; in
general, they must be accounted of later origin, as they are certainly
not preserved in a manner so well fitted for long continuance.
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