Illustrations of the Huttonian Theory of the EarthPlayfair, John
Science
Illustrations of the Huttonian Theory of the Earth
Playfair, John
Geology; Hutton, James, 1726-1797. Theory of the earth
158. Thus, a great degradation of the primitive mountains, and of
course a great travelling of their materials, is proved to make a
necessary part of the Neptunian theory. The extent of this travelling
or transportation may be rendered more evident, if we apply a similar
mode of reasoning to larger portions of the globe. The north-west of
Europe furnishes us an instance of a very extensive tract of secondary
country, comprehending the greater part of Britain, the whole of
Flanders and Holland, part of Germany, the northern provinces of
France, and probably the bed of the German Ocean, at least for a great
extent. Within this circle almost all is secondary, and on the sides
of it all round are placed ridges or groups of primitive mountains,
namely the mountains of Auvergne, at least in part, and going round by
the east, the Alps, the Vosges, the Hartz, the Highlands and Western
Islands of Scotland, the hilly countries of Cumberland, Wales, and
Cornwall. This zone of primitive mountains, on the supposition of the
Neptunists, must have risen up in the form of islands in the great
ocean, that originally covered the earth, forming a kind of circular
Archipelago, including in its bosom a sea, which was from seven to
five hundred miles in diameter. Over the whole of this extent, the
_detritus_ of the above mountains must have been carried, in order to
form the flat interjacent countries which are now exposed to our view.
Such then, even on their own supposition, is the extent to which the
Neptunists must admit that the materials of the primeval mountains were
transported by the ocean.
159. This transportation of materials, may not be so great as that
which is involved in Dr Hutton's theory, but is such as should make the
enemies of his system consider, how nearly the principles they _must_
introduce, agree with those that they _would_ reject. This is one
fact, out of many, which shows, that there is at present a much nearer
agreement between the systems of geology, than between their authors.
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