Illustrations of the manners, customs, & condition of the North American Indians, Vol. 1 (of 2): With letters and notes, written during eight years of travel and adventure among the wildest and most remarkable tribes now existingCatlin, George
History
Illustrations of the manners, customs, & condition of the North American Indians, Vol. 1 (of 2): With letters and notes, written during eight years of travel and adventure among the wildest and most remarkable tribes now existing
Catlin, George
Indians of North America
There are then of the other tribes above-mentioned (and whom we,
perhaps, incorrectly denominate Blackfeet), Grosventres des Prairies,
430 lodges, with language entirely distinct; Circees, of 220 lodges,
and Cotonnés, of 250 lodges, with language also distinct from either.[1]
There is in this region a rich and interesting field for the linguist
of the antiquarian; and stubborn facts, I think, if they could be well
procured, that would do away the idea which many learned gentlemen
entertain, that the Indian languages of North America can all be
traced to two or three roots. The language of the Dohcotas is entirely
and radically distinct from that of the Mandans, and theirs equally so
from the Blackfoot and the Crows. And from the lips of Mr. Brazeau, a
gentleman of education and strict observation, who has lived several
years with the Blackfeet and Shiennes, and who speaks the language of
tribes on either side of them, assures me that these languages are
radically distinct and dissimilar, as I have above stated; and also,
that although he has been several years amongst those tribes, he has
not been able to trace the slightest resemblance between the Circee,
Cotonné, and Blackfoot, and Shienne, and Crow, and Mandan tongues; and
from a great deal of corroborating information, which I have got from
other persons acquainted with these tribes, I am fully convinced of the
correctness of his statements.
Besides the Blackfeet and Crows, whom I told you were assembled at
this place, are also the Knisteneaux (or Crees, as they are commonly
called), a very pretty and pleasing tribe of Indians, of about 3000
in number, living on the north of this, and also the Assinneboins and
Ojibbeways; both of which tribes also inhabit the country to the north
and north-east of the mouth of Yellow Stone.
The Knisteneaux are of small stature, but well-built for strength and
activity combined; are a people of wonderful prowess for their numbers,
and have waged an unceasing warfare with the Blackfeet, who are their
neighbours and enemies on the west. From their disparity in numbers
they are rapidly thinning the ranks of their warriors, who bravely
sacrifice their lives in contentions with their powerful neighbours.
This tribe occupy the country from the mouth of the Yellow Stone, in
a north-western direction, far into the British territory, and trade
principally at the British N. W. Company’s Posts.
The Assinneboins of seven thousand, and the Ojibbeways of six thousand,
occupy a vast extent of country, in a north-eastern direction from
this; extending also into the British possessions as high north as
Lake Winnepeg; and trading principally with the British Company. These
three tribes are in a state of nature, living as neighbours, and are
also on terms of friendship with each other. This friendship, however,
is probably but a temporary arrangement, brought about by the Traders
amongst them; and which, like most Indian peace establishments, will be
of short duration.
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