_Pash-ee-pa-ho_ (the little stabbing chief, +plate+ 289), a very old man, holding his shield, staff and pipe in his hands; has long been the head civil chief of this tribe; but, as is generally the case in very old age, he has resigned the office to those who are younger and better qualified to do the duties of it. Besides the above-mentioned personages, I painted also the following portraits, which are now in my Collection. _I-o-way_ (the Ioway), one of Black Hawk’s principal warriors; his body curiously ornamented with his “war-paint;” _Pam-a-ho_ (the swimmer), one of Black Hawk’s warriors; _No-kuk-qua_ (the bear’s fat); _Pash-ee-pa-ho_ (the little stabbing chief, the younger), one of Black Hawk’s braves; _Wah-pa-ko-las-kuk_ (the bear’s track); _Wa-saw-me-saw_ (the roaring thunder), youngest son of Black Hawk; painted while prisoner of war. +Plate+ 290, _Kee-o-kuk_, on horseback. After I had painted the portrait of this vain man at full length, and which I have already introduced, he had the vanity to say to me, that he made a fine appearance on horseback, and that he wished me to paint him thus. So I prepared my canvass in the door of the hospital which I occupied, in the dragoon cantonment; and he flourished about for a considerable part of the day in front of me, until the picture was completed. The horse that he rode was the best animal on the frontier; a fine blooded horse, for which he gave the price of 300 dollars, a thing that he was quite able to, who had the distribution of 50,000 dollars annuities, annually, amongst his people. He made a great display on this day, and hundreds of the dragoons and officers were about him, and looking on during the operation. His horse was beautifully caparisoned, and his scalps were carried attached to the bridle-bits.[36] [Illustration: 287] [Illustration: 288] [Illustration: 289] [Illustration: 290] [Illustration: 291] [Illustration: 292] The dances and other amusements amongst this tribe are exceedingly spirited and pleasing; and I have made sketches of a number of them, which I briefly introduce here, and leave them for further comments at a future time, provided I ever get leisure and space to enable me to do it. The _slave-dance_ (+plate+ 291), is a picturesque scene, and the custom in which it is founded a very curious one. This tribe has a society which they call the “_slaves_,” composed of a number of the young men of the best families in the tribe, who volunteer to be slaves for the term of two years, and subject to perform any menial service that the chief may order, no matter how humiliating or how degrading it may be; by which, after serving their two years, they are exempt for the rest of their lives, on war-parties or other excursions, or wherever they may be—from all labour or degrading occupations, such as cooking, making fires, &c. &c.