India: What can it teach us?: A Course of Lectures Delivered before the University Of CambridgeMüller, F. Max (Friedrich Max)
Philosophy
India: What can it teach us?: A Course of Lectures Delivered before the University Of Cambridge
Müller, F. Max (Friedrich Max)
India; Sanskrit literature -- History and criticism; Vedas
All then that I wish to put clearly before you is this, that the Aryan
man, who had to fulfil his mission in India, might naturally be
deficient in many of the practical and fighting virtues, which were
developed in the Northern Aryans by the very struggle without which
they could not have survived, but that his life on earth had not
therefore been entirely wasted. His very view of life, though we
cannot adopt it in this Northern climate, may yet act as a lesson and
a warning to us, not, for the sake of life, to sacrifice the highest
objects of life.
The greatest conqueror of antiquity stood in silent wonderment before
the Indian Gymnosophists, regretting that he could not communicate
with them in their own language, and that their wisdom could not reach
him except through the contaminating channels of sundry interpreters.
That need not be so at present. Sanskrit is no longer a difficult
language, and I can assure every young Indian civil servant that if he
will but go to the fountain-head of Indian wisdom, he will find there,
among much that is strange and useless, some lessons of life which are
worth learning, and which we in our haste are too apt to forget or to
despise.
Let me read you a few sayings only, which you may still hear repeated
in India when, after the heat of the day, the old and the young
assemble together under the shadow of their village tree--sayings
which to them seem truth; to us, I fear, mere truism!
"As all have to sleep together laid low in the earth, why do
foolish people wish to injure one another?[112]
"A man seeking for eternal happiness (moksha) might obtain it
by a hundredth part of the sufferings which a foolish man
endures in the pursuit of riches.[113]
"Poor men eat more excellent bread than the rich: for hunger
gives it sweetness.[114]
"Our body is like the foam of the sea, our life like a bird,
our company with those whom we love does not last forever;
why then sleepest thou, my son?[115]
"As two logs of wood meet upon the ocean and then separate
again, thus do living creatures meet.[116]
"Our meeting with wives, relations, and friends occurs on our
journey. Let a man therefore see clearly where he is, whither
he will go, what he is, why tarrying here, and why grieving
for anything.[117]
"Family, wife, children, our very body and our wealth, they
all pass away. They do not belong to us. What then is ours?
Our good and our evil deeds.[118]
"When thou goest away from here, no one will follow thee.
Only thy good and thy evil deeds, they will follow thee
wherever thou goest.[119]
"Whatever act, good or bad, a man performs, of that by
necessity he receives the recompense.[120]
"According to the Veda[121] the soul (life) is eternal, but
the body of all creatures is perishable. When the body is
destroyed, the soul departs elsewhere, fettered by the bonds
of our works.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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