Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United StatesLauber, Almon Wheeler
History
Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United States
Lauber, Almon Wheeler
Indians of North America; Indians, Treatment of -- United States; Slavery -- United States; Thesis (Ph. D.)
this government, when instead of their children receiving the promised
education, they were transported, as they say, to other countries and
sold as slaves”.[685]
Massachusetts sought to control the custom of the Indians in
apprenticing themselves and their children to the whites and the
consequent abuse of the practice, by enacting, in 1700, a law requiring
the consent of two or more justices of the peace to such a proceeding,
so as to make sure that the terms of the agreement were reasonable. The
justices of the regular courts were empowered to hear the complaint of
an Indian with regard to any indenture or apprenticeship, and to settle
the matter.[686] Similar acts were passed in 1718[687] and 1725.[688]
The latter act provided a heavy fine for taking any children beyond the
seas without due legal sanction, and further decreed that any indenture
then existing of an adult Indian should be good for no longer than one
year from the date of the passage of the law, except by legal approval
as specified in the law. In 1763, another act, to continue as law for
three years, was passed, forbidding any Marshpee Indian to bind out his
or her child or children to any English person whatsoever by indenture
or any other way, in satisfaction of or as security for a debt, without
the consent of the major part of the overseers, and declaring that
every indenture or any instrument whatever, or oral agreement whereby
such child or children should be bound out contrary to the true intent
and meaning of the act, should be adjudged null and void.[689]
Rhode Island, also, for the same purpose of preventing the conversion
of apprenticeship into actual slavery, passed an act, June 15, 1730,
requiring the assent of two justices to any bond of apprenticeship to
which the Indians were parties.[690] If the Indian captives disposed
of for periods of years by Rhode Island at the close of King Philip’s
War are to be considered as involuntary indentured servants, then
such abuses as the law of 1730 were intended to remedy existed with
reference to those captives. By the terms of their disposal they were
to be free after a temporary period of service. But the colonists
sometimes continued to hold them in servitude after the specified term
had expired. Furthermore, though no provision for such action was made
by the colonial government, the masters of these servants held as
slaves the children born of these Indians while in servitude.[691]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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