[1178] Penn offered on certain conditions fifty acres of land to every servant who came with the first adventurers, and made adequate provisions in the Charter of Laws for the servants’ protection against being cheated or abused in any way by dishonest masters. For a discussion of indentured servants in Pennsylvania, see Bolles, _Pennsylvania, Province and State_, ii, pp. 173–182; Diffenderffer, _German Immigration into Pennsylvania_, pt. iii; _Pennsylvania Magazine of History_, xxx, p. 436; xxxi, p. 83; _Historical Addresses and Papers of Lancaster Historical Society_, x, p. 331; _Pennsylvania Colonial Records_, i, iii, iv, vi, vii, ix, x, xi. In 1676, the Duke of York provided for the government, protection, and final dismissal of bond servants in Delaware. _Pennsylvania German Society Proceedings_, x, pp. 223–224. [1179] In 1671, Governor Berkeley estimated that 1500 white servants were arriving annually, and at that time out of a total population of 40,000, six thousand were indentured servants. Tucker, _Life of Jefferson_, i, p. 14; Hening, _op. cit._, ii, p. 515. In the time of Governor Hamilton of Pennsylvania, it was estimated that there were 60,000 imported white servants in the province. Scharf and Westcott, _History of Philadelphia_, i, p. 190. The German immigrants more than met the demand for servants in Pennsylvania. Virginia, Maryland and Pennsylvania were the three great servant importing colonies. [1180] For Connecticut, see Steiner, _History of Slavery in Connecticut_, in _Johns Hopkins University Studies_, xi; for New Hampshire, Sanborn, _New Hampshire_; for New Jersey, _New Jersey Archives_, series 2, i, p. 436; for Maryland, McCormac, _White Servitude in Maryland, 1634–1820_, in _Johns Hopkins University Studies_, xxii; for Virginia, Ballagh, _White Servitude in the Colony of Virginia_, in _Johns Hopkins University Studies_, xiii; for North Carolina, Bassett, _Slavery and Servitude in North Carolina_, in _Johns Hopkins University Studies_, xiv; for South Carolina, McCrady, _Slavery in the Province of South Carolina, 1670–1770_, in _Annual Report of the American Historical Association for 1895_, and Schaper, _Sectionalism in South Carolina_; for Georgia, _Colonial Records of Georgia_, i, pp. 54, 259. [1181] Weeden, _op. cit._, i, p. 153; Coffin, _A Sketch of the History of Newbury_, etc., p. 337. [1182] Sewall’s _Diary_, in _Massachusetts Historical Society Collections_, series 5, v, p. 14. [1183] Moore, _Notes on the History of Slavery in Massachusetts_, p. 65. [1184] _Publications of the Ipswich Historical Society_, x, p. 29; Waters, _Ipswich in the Massachusetts Bay Colony_, p. 217. [1185] Bodge, _Soldiers in King Philip’s War_, p. 480; Waters, _op. cit._, p. 217. [1186] Earle, _Customs and Fashions in Old New England_, p. 84. [1187] _Essex Institute Historical Collections_, i. p. 14. [1188] Felt, _Annals of Salem_, second edition, ii, p. 416.