Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United StatesLauber, Almon Wheeler
History
Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United States
Lauber, Almon Wheeler
Indians of North America; Indians, Treatment of -- United States; Slavery -- United States; Thesis (Ph. D.)
New Haven, also, in 1656, passed a general law ordering that no person
should sell “any servant male or female of what degree soever”, out
of the colony unless into some of the other three colonies belonging
to the New England Confederation, without leave and license from the
authorities of that plantation to which such servant belonged, under
penalty of a fine of £10 for each offense.[659] The measure could be
applied to Indian slaves, though not intended specifically for that
purpose.
After the Tuscarora War the importation of “revengeful, warlike
savages” alarmed the Connecticut colonists and led to definite
legislative action regarding the matter. In view of the fact that
several persons had brought into the colony Carolina Indians, “which
have committed many cruel and bloody outrages” there, and “may draw
off our Indians” to the extent of arousing hostilities if their
importation were continued, in July, 1715, the governor and council
decided to prohibit the importation of Indian slaves until the meeting
of the assembly, and to require each ship entering port with Indians
on board to give a bond of £50 to remove them from the colony within
twenty days. Further they decided that Indians brought into the colony
thereafter should be “kept in strictest custody”, and “prevented from
communicating with other Indians”, unless the owner gave the same bond
as above to take them out of the colony within twenty days.[660]
The following October, the general court, copying the Massachusetts
act of 1712, made permanent the prohibition to import Indian slaves,
since “divers conspiracies, outrages, barbarities, murders, burglaries,
thefts, and other notorious crimes at sundry times, and especially of
late, have been perpetrated by Indians and other slaves, ... being of
a malicious and vengeful spirit, rude and insolent in their behavior,
and very ungovernable, the overgreat number of which, considering the
different circumstances in this colony from the plantations in the
islands and our having considerable numbers of Indians, natives of our
country, ... may be of pernicious consequence.” An act was then passed
decreeing the forfeiture of all Indians thereafter imported, and the
payment of a fine of £50 by the shipmaster or any other person who
might bring them.[661] Since this act did not stop the importation,
another was enacted in 1750 providing that “all Indians, male or
female, of what age soever, imported or brought into this colony by
sea or land, from any place whatever, to be disposed of, left or sold
within this colony, shall be forfeited to the treasury of this colony,
and may be seized and taken accordingly; unless the person or persons
importing or bringing in such Indian or Indians shall give security
to some naval officer of this colony of £50 per head, to transport or
carry out of the same again, within the space of one month after their
coming, not to be returned back again to this colony”.[662]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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